. , , ,

,,,

, ,

.

ɠ

: 110

Ϡ 2102 -514-

:

..

:

..

1999.


.

2102 -514-
:

.

1. ⠠

2.

3. -

4.

5. 蠠

6.


220-1150 , 148 . .

8 ..

110-220-500-1150 110-330-750 -.

2010. , , 500 . 750 .

1995 110 440 . 蠠 530 . .

1150 - . 800 . 2000. -1150 - , .

.

:

1. (2 -330 -400 ).

2. (

4000

3. .

4. .

5. , , .

: - . 2-3 , .

:

1. .

2. - ,

.

3.

,

,

.

- . 60% 15 , 40% 25 . 30 .

[ 5 , . 6-7 ]


1.Р Ƞ ՠ

1.1.

.

S=P/cos (1)

Q=(2)

W=Pmax Tmax (3)

1.

1.

Pmax

Qmax

Smax

Tmax

cos

W

1

10

28

13,6

31,1

5700

0,9

159600

2

35

12

5,7

13,3

4700

0,9

56400

3

35

18

8,7

20

3500

0,9

63000

10

10

4,8

11,1

3500

0,9

35000

..1

S .=31.1 0.7=21.77

..2

S .=13.3 0.7=9.31

..3

S ..=Ö(18+10)2+(8.7+4.8)2=31.1

S..=31.1 0.7=21.77

1.2 :

1-2 2 25000/110/10

2-2 2 10000/110/10

3-2 3 ࠠ 25000/110/35/10

.. I II .

2 70%

Snom.max.

[6,109-111] .

Smax.=Ö(P+)2+(Q+Qc)2 (4)


1.3.

:

=(Smax.100%)/(2Snom.()) (5)

=(Smax.100%)/Snom.() (6)

:

(1)=(31.1 100%)/(2 25)=62.2%

(2)=(13.3 100)/(2 10)=66.5%

K()=(31.1 100)/(2 25)=62.2%

:

(1)=(31.1 100)/25=124.4%

(2)=(13.3 100)/10=133%

K()=(31.1 100)/25=124.4%

, . 2.

2.

.

Smax

-

Snom.-

.

.

1

I,II,III

31.1

2

25

62.2

124.4

2

I,II,III

13.3

2

10

66.5

133

3

I,II,III

31.1

2

25

62.2

124.4

1.4. [6,109-111] :

3

-

Unom

R ;

X ;

1

25000/110/10

115

-

10.5

25

3,06

-

-

58.36

-

-

175

2

10000/110/35

115

-

11

14

7,9

-

-

136.5

-

-

70

25000/110/35/10

115

38,5

11,0

28,5

1.5

1.5

1.5

59.7

0

37.5

175

3                              


4                              1.5. .

5                             

1

 

 

 

28.16+j15.52 28.11+j15.19 1.53+j29.18

 

 

 


0.05+j0.33 0.11+j2.13 28+j13.6

;(7)

DS.=282+13.62/ 1152 (1.53+j29.18)= 0.11+j2.13

S/=S+DS.=28+j13.6+0.11+j2.13=28.11+j15.19

S=S/+S;=28.11+j15.19+0.05+j0.33=28.16+j15.52

2

12.138+j6.1 12.11+j5.96 3,95+J69.5


0.028+j0.18 0.11+j2.13 12+j5.7

DSo.=122 +5.72/ 1152 (8.38+j68.25)=0.11+j0.89

S/=S+DS.=12+j5.7+0.11+j0.89=12.11+j5.96

S=S/+S=12.11+j5.96+0.028+j0.14=12.138+j6.1

3 18.023+j8.7 0.75+j0

18+J8.7


28.169+j16.198 28.079+j15.748 0.75+j29.85 28.029+j13.6

0.023+j0


0.09+j0.45 0.05+j2.08 10.0+j4.97 10+J405

0.006+J0.168

DS.=102+4.82/1152(0.75+j18.75)=0.006+j0.168

DS.=182+8.72/1152(0.75+j0)=0.023+j0

S/=S+DS.=10+j4.8+0.006+j0.168=10.006+j4.968

S/c=Sc+DS.=18+j8.7+0.023+j0=18.023+j8.7

S=S/+S/=18.023+j8.7+10.006+j4.968=28.029+j13.668

DS.=28.0292+13.6682/1152(0.75+j29.85)=0.05+j2.08

S/=S+DS.=28.029+j13.668+0.05+j2.08=28.079+j15.748

S=S/+DS=28,079+j15.748+0.09+j0.45=28.169+j16.198

2.

ר

2,1 .


N ࠠ ࠠ - -

. . .

-2

1-3

2-3

1 156 156 3-3

11


-6

1-2

2 2-2

151 302 3-2

12


-4

3 1-2

2-2

3-2

121 242 10


-4

1-2

4 2-2

186 224 3-2

12


, ,

13.

2.

2.1. .

4

N

-

1

1

2

170

170

+1+2

2+3+3=8

2

1

2

95

190

2+2+2=6

l=75

l=45

3

1

2

120

240

2+2+2=6

4

, 1 4 .

 

 

 

 

N1.

1 S=28.16+j15.52

2

S=12.138+j6.1


3

. S=28.169+j16.198

.

1

38젠 37젠 35젠 46젠


28+j15.52 12.138+j6.1 28.169+j16.198

(8)

SA=[(28,16+j15.52 )118+(12.138+j6.1)81+(28.169+j16.198)46]/156=

=5601.832+j3070.568/156=35.9+j19.7

SA/=(28.16+j15.52)38+(12.138+j6.1)75+(28.169+J16.198)110=

=5078.99+j2829.04/156=32.6+j18.1

SA+SA/= (9)

68.5+j37.8=68.5+j37.8

.

A/

35.9+j19.7 1 7.74+j4.18 2 4.43+j1.9 3. 32.6+j18.1


28.16+j15.52 12.14+j6.1 28.17+j16.2


. .

Tcp=28.16*5700+12.14*4700+28.17*3500/28.16+12.14+28.17=4617.57 .

3-2

 

 

Imax= (11)


Imax=Ö4.432+1.92/Ö3*110*103=25

2-1

 


Imax2-1= Ö7.742+4.182/Ö3*110*103=46

-1

 


ImaxA-1=Ö35.92+19.72/Ö3*110*103=214

1-3

Imax=Ö32.62+18.12/Ö3*110*103=196A

.

I = I * ai * a

1-3

Ip=196*1.05*1=205.8A


3-2

Ip=25*1.05*1=26.25A

2-1

Ip=46*1.05*1=48.3A

1-

Ip=214*1.05*1=224.7

II.

, , .

:

Smax:

Imax:

A

Ip

A

Fct

mm2

I

I.

1-3

35,9

196

205,8

240

610

410

3-2

7,74

25

26,25

120

390

241

2-1

4,43

46

48,3

120

390

241

1-

32,6

214

224,7

240

610

410

.

68.5+j37.8 40.31+j22.3 28.17+j16.2 A1

28,16+j15.52 12.14+j6.1 28.17+j16.2

I1-2=I3-2=ÖP2+Q2/Ö3*U=241A

I1-=I3-A1=410A

I£I

.

.

.

r0

/

0

/

q0

/

R1

X1

Qc

M

1-3

46

-240

0,120

0,405

0,0375

5,52

18,63

1,73

3-2

35

-140

0,249

0,427

0,0355

8,72

14,95

1,24

2-1

37

-140

0,249

0,427

0,0355

9,21

15,80

1,31

1-

38

-240

0,120

0,405

0,0375

4,56

15,39

1,43

: R=Ro*l/n; X=Xo*l/n; Qc=n*Qo*l.

:

A 1 2 3 A1

4.56+j15.39 9.21+j15.8 8.72+j14.95 5.52+j18.63


j0.72 j0.72 j0.66 j0.66 j0.62 j0.62 j0.86 j0.86

28.16+j15.52 12.14+j6.1 28.17+j16.2

;

Sp1= Snp1-j(Qc1/2+Qc2/2)=28.16+j15.52-(0.72+0.66)=28.16+j14.14

Sp2=12.14+j6.1-j(0.66+0.62)=12.14+j4.82

Sp3=28.17+j16.2-j(0.62+0.86)=28.17+j14.72

A 35.9+j17.2 1 7.7+j3.1 2 4.4+j1.7 3 32.6+j16.4 A1

j0.72 28.16+j14.14 12.14+j4.82 28.17+j14.72 j0.86

:

PA=GAAå(PiRiA+QiXiA)+BAAå(PiXiA-QiRiA)

QA=-GAAå(PiXiA-QiXiA)+BAAå(PiRiA+QiXiA) ,

GAA=RAA/R2AA+X2AA BAA=XAA/R2AA+X2AA

GAA=28.01/28.012+64.772 =0.0056 BAA=64.77/28.012+64.772=0.013

PA=0.0056(28.2*23.45+12.1*14.24+28.2*5.52+14.1*49.38+4.8*33.58+14.7*

*18.63)+0.013(28.2*49.38+12.1*33.58+28.2*18.63-14.1*23.45+4.8*14.24+

+14.7*5.52)=35.95

QA=-0.0056*1844.059+0.013*2120.561=17.24

SA=35.9+j17.2

PA1=0.0056(28.2*22.49+12.1*13.77+28.2*4.56+14.7*46.14+4.8*31.9+14.1*

*15.39)+0.013(28.2*46.14+12.1*31.9+28.2*15.39-14.7+22.49+4.8*13.77+

+14.1*4.56)=32.65

QA1=-0.0056*1660.141+0.013*1977.804=16.4

SA1=32.6+j16.4

: SA+SA=S1p+S2p+S3p

68.5+j33.6=28.2+j14.1+12.1+j4.8+28.2+j14.7

:

35+j18.1 7.75+j4 4.4+j1.7 32.6+j14.4


j0.72 28.2+j14.1 7.7+j3.1 4.4+j1.7 28.2+j14.7 j0.86

0.61+j2.06 0.052+j0.9 0.016+j0.027 0.6+j2.04


1-2

S=7.7+3.1

DS=Pk2+Qk2/U2(R+X)=7.72+3.12/1102(9.21+j15.8)= 0.052+J0.9

S=Sk+DS=7.7+j3.1+0.052+j0.9=7.752+j4

-1

Sk=S1-2+Sp1=7.752+j4+28.2+j14.1=35.952+j18.1

DS=35.952+18.12/1102(4.56+j15.39)=0.61+j2.06

S=35.95+j18.1+0.61+j2.06=36.56+j20.16

Sa=S-jQ/2=36.56+j20.16-j0.72=36.56+j19.44

2-3

Sk=4.4+j1.7

DS=4.42+1.72/1102(8.72+14.95)=0.016+j0.027

S=4.4+j1.7+0.016+j0.027=4.416+j1.727

3-1

Sk=4.416+j1.727+28.2+j14.7=32.62+j16.43

DS=32.622+16.432/1102(5.52+18.63)=0.6+j2.04

S=32.62+j16.43+0.6+j2.04=33.22+j18.47

Sa1=33.22+j18.47-j0.86=33.22+j17.61

åSa=Sa+Sa1=36.56+j19.44+33.22+j17.61=69.78+j37.05

N 3

1 S=28.16+j15.52


A 2 S=12.138+j6.1


3              S=28.169+j16.198

40,29+j21.62 1 12.138+j6.1 2

28.16+j15.52 T=5700 12.138+j6.1

28.169+j16.198 3 T=4700

28.169+j16.198

T=3500

T :

Imax=ÖP+Q/Ö3U

-1

Imax=Ö40.292+21.622/Ö3*110*2*103=120A

1-2

Imax=Ö12.1382+6.12/380.6*103=35A

A-3

Imax=Ö28.1692+16.1982/380.6*103=85A

:

Ip=Imax*ai*at ai=1.05 at=1

-1

Ip=120*1.05*1=126A

1-2

Ip=35*1.05*1=36.75A

-3

Ip=85*1.05*0.8=71.4

, -II. ,

.


ꠠ Smax Imax Ip Fct I I..


-1 40,29 120 126 120 375 240

1-2 12,138 35 36,75 95 330 70

-3 28,169 85 71,4 95 330 70

r0

x0

q0

R1

X1

Q1

A-1.

38

AC-120

0.249

0.427

0.0355

4.731

8.113

2.698

1.2

37

AC-95

0.306

0.434

0.035

5.661

8.029

2.59

A-3

46

AC-95

0.306

0.434

0.035

7.038

9.982

3.22

: r0*l/n X=x0*l/n Qc=n*q0*l

:

4.73+j8.11 1 5.66+j8.03 2

j1.35 j1.35 j1.3 j1.3

28.16+j15.52 12.14+j6.1

7.04+j9.98

3

j1.61 j1.61 28.17+j16.2

Sp1=28.16+j15.52-j(1.35+1.3)=28.16+j12.87

Sp2=12.14+j6.1-j1.3=12.14+j4.8

Sp3=28.17+j16.2-j1.61=28.17+j14.6

A

41.18+j21.81 12.22+j4.91


j1.35 28.16+j12.87 12.14+j4.8

28.75+j15.43


j1.61 28.17+j14.6

.

1-2

Sk=12.14+j4.8 DS=0.08+j0.11 S=12.22+j4.91

-1

Sk=40.38+j20.43 DS=0.8+j1.38 S=41.18+j21.81

-3

Sk=28.17+j14.6 DS=0.58+j0.83 S=28.75+j15.43

Sa=28.75+j15.43

åSa=69.93+j34.28

46

37

38

N1 N3

1

38

1 2*25 110/10

37

Sp28.16+j15.52

2

A Sp=12.14+j6.1 2

35

2*10 110/10

3 3

46


Sp=28.17+j16.2 2*25 110/35/10

N1 N3

-1=38*14=532.

1-2=37*11.4=421.8.

K2-3=35*11.4=399..

K3-A=46*14=644..

=1996.8..

K=530+380+560=1470..

Kc=1996.8+1470=3466.8..

=2.8*1996.8/100=55.9..

=9.4*1470/100=138.18.

Tcp=t=4617.6=2500.

DW=2500*(0.052+0.61+0.016+0.6)=3195

w=0.01*3195=31.95.

=55.9+138.18+31.95=226.03.

=0.12*3466.8+226.03=642.046.

A-1=38*18.1=687.8.

1-2=37*17.8=652.6.

A-3=46*17.8=818.8.

=2165.

=430+310+525=1265.

=2165.2+1265=3430.2.

=2.8*2165.2/100=60.63.

=9.4*1265/100=118.9.

DW=3700*0.8+2600*0.08+1500*0.58=

=4038,

w=0.01*4038=40.38.

=60.63+118.9+40.38=219.9.

=0.12*3430.2+219.9=631.524.

631,5100%

642    ---X%

X=642*100/631.5=101.6%

, . . 3 ,

3% 1. 3.

4. ר

.

1


2


3

-1 1-2

A 9,5+j16.2 1 11.3+j16.1 2


j0.67 j0.67 j0.64 j0.64

28.16+j15.52 12.14+j6.1

-1

1-2

R=r0*l

X=x0*l

Qc=q*l

Qc/2

0.249*38=9.5

0.427*38=16.2

0.0355*38=1.34

0.67

0.306*37=11.3

0.434*37=16.1

0.035*37=1.29

0.64

:

Sp1-2=12.14+j(6.1-0.64)=12.14+j5.46

SpA-1=28.16+j(15.52-j0.67-0.64)=28.16+j14.21

1-2

Sk=12.14+j5.46

DS=0.17+j0.24

S=12.31+j5.70

-1

Sk=12.31+j5.7+28.16+j14.21=40.47+j19.9

DS=1.6+j2.72

S=40.47+j19.9+1.6+j2.72=42+j22.6

S=42+j(22.6-0.67)=42+j22.07

S=28.17+j16.2+42+j22.07=70.17+j38.27

Sk 40.47+j19.9 Sk 12.14+j5.46

70.17+j38.27 42.0+j22.6 12.31+j5.70

5.

:

A

4.73+j8.11 5.66+j8.03

41,18+j21.81 1 12.22+j4.91 2

112,8

116

111,8


7.04+j9.98 3

28.75+j13.82

113

U1=116-41.28*4.73+21.81*8.11/116=112.8

U2=112.8-12.22*5.66+4.91*8.03/112.8=111.84

U3=116-28.75*7.04+13.82*9.98/116=113.07

:

A 42+j22.6 9.5+j16.2 1 12.31+j5.7 11.3+j16.1 2

116

109,4

107,3


U1=116-42*9.5+22.6*16.2/116=109.37

U2=109.4-12.31*11.3+5.7*16.1/109.4=107.3

:

3.

0.75+j0

18+j8.7

108,7

108,7

28+j15.7 0.75+j29.9

113

0.75+j18.75

10+j4.9

107,8


U0=113-28*0.75+15.7*29.9/113=108.66

Uc=0

U=108.66-10*0.75+4.9*18.75=107.75

U³1,05*U.=1.05*10=10.5

U=U1*U./U=107.8*11/10.5=112.8

U.=112.95(-1*1.78%)

U=U1*U./U.=107.8*11/112.95=10.49

U.=³1.05*U.=1.05*35=36.75

U.=108.7*38.5/112095=37.05

1

28,1+j15.2 1.53+j29.18

10.6

112.8

109.4

108.5

10.3


U=11208-28.1*1.53+15.2*29.18/112.8=

=108.5

U=109.4-28.1*1.53+15.2*29.18/109.4=

=104.96

U³1.05*10=10.5

U=£1.0*10=10

U=108.5*10.5/10.5=108.5

U=104.96*10.5/10=110.2

U.106,81(-4*1.78)

U=104.96*10.5/106.81=10.3

U=108*10.5/106.81=10.6

2

12,1+j5.96 3.95+j69.5

10,6

111,8

107,3

10,2

103,17


U=111.8-12.1*3.95+5.96*69.5/111.8=

=107.67

U=107.3-12.1*3.95+5.96*69.5/11108=

=103.17

U³1.05*10=10.5

U£1.0*10=10

U=107.67*11/10.5=112.79

U=103.17*11/10=113.48

U.=110.91(-2*1.78)

U=107.67*11/110.91=10.6

U=103.17*11/110.91=10.2

: 1,2,3 ,

,

.

ʠ

1. ..

. ,1987.

2. . ,1988.

3. .. ,1989.

4. .. .

,1989.

5. 10 ,1996.

6. .. .

, 1972.

7. 1993.

8. 6-750 ”1991.


. ɠ : 110 Ϡ 2102 -514-

 

 

 

! , , , .
. , :