,,,
.
; , .
, , . . , , , , . , ( - ), . , , , , . , , .. . .
, , () . , . (cost models) . , , NASA. .
, PICOS (Program for the Improvement and Cost Optimization of Suppliers - ). . , , 2040%; ; , , , , , .
, " ", , ; , "AlixPartners" . Should-Cost , , , . , , , ( , , .). , , , , . . ,
pdiff = 100 (part cost should-cost): should-cost,
pdiff - (should-cost) (part cost) (%).
( 30) , , - , , .
- . () , , ; , 17%.
, , , 1 . , , , 4 , (, .), . 1,5 2 .
- ". , . , , ( , ). , , .
- , . 2 , , 10 3% . - . , , , , . , : SiC+Al203+Ti02 ( ); Si02 ( ). 1.
1.
1
(%) |
Si02(%) |
1 t () | ||
1 |
1203+2 = 94 |
7 | 1148,8 | |
1 | SiC+ = 88 | 9 | 1732,02 | |
1 |
SiC+Al203+Ti02=93,3 |
6,3 | 1240 | |
2 |
SiC+Al203+Ti02=82,2 |
16,3 | 1140 | |
D | D1 |
SiC+Al203+Ti02=93,3 |
6,3 | 1393.50 |
2 |
1203+ҳ02 = 62,8 |
33 | 970,25 | |
2 |
A1203 = 60 |
34 | 1173,52 | |
120+ҳ02= 59,7 |
38,6 | 1040 | ||
D | D2 |
1203+ҳ02= 59,7 |
38,6 | 1132.10 |
, , , . - () 2.
. 1. () ()
, 2. 1. 1 2 . ( ).
2.
(.) | () | |||
18 | 843500 | |||
21 | 1115120 | |||
1- | 18 | 908615 | ||
b | 18 | 883415 | ||
2- | 24 | 1272895 | ||
b | 24 | 1244895 | ||
D | 12 | 899900 |
2. 1 2 - , ( - , 35,8 9,98%). 12% .
3. (CI, 2 6%, 1,3%). 2 lb , 1 2 .
4. D , (Dl ≈CI, D2 ≈ ), , 8,75%.
5. D , .
3, , . 1,2 D1,2. .
3
(%) | ||
1 | - 13 | |
2 | - 10,5 | |
1 | - 35,8 | |
2 | - 9,98 | |
1 | - 5,8 | |
2 | - 7 | |
- 1,3 | ||
D | D1 | - 4,3 |
D2 | - 5,5 |
, , 70%..
, , , , , , ; , . . , , . .
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2. . . . , " ". . 3. ., " ", 2009, 304 .
3. .. . .-, 2001, 656 . (! .socioline.ru/node/685).
4. .. ' . .: , . 2 (6), . 4. ., 2002, . 157-167.
5. . . , , 1993, 175 . (http://best-resume.net/iree/peregovori2.htm, http://www.klex.ru/books/mastenbroke_peregovori.rar)
6. ., . , . , (http://lib.ru/ DPEOPrE/fisher.txt); 7 Ways Be Successful In A Negotiation. (http://www.theaccidentalnegotiator. com/strategy/7-ways-to-be-successful-in-a-negotiation)
7. Dominick C. Buyers Ask: What Is Market Intelligence? PurchTips - Edition # 146, February 26, 2008 (http://www.nextlevelpurchasing. com/articles/what-is-market-intelligence.html).
8. . , . ., . ., .. (http://www.mavr.ru/ogneupor/st/l 3.doc).
9. .., . ., . . . . ., " ", 1981, 295 .
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