,,,
-
,
,
-
: 2
:
2009 .
1. . ,
1.1
1.2
1.3 ,
2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
- . , . , , . , . , . - . , , .
- , , , , .
- . .
:
-
-
- 3 .
. . , .
1. . ,
1.1
( . δεμωσ γραθο , . . ) - .
, , , , . -, , , . , , - , . . , , , .
, - . , (, ) (, ), , .
. , , , , , , . , , , , . . , .
. , , .. , .
, , , , , . . . , .
1.2
() , , . . (, ) (), (, ) , , 100 ( 1000) .
, , , . .
:
()
, , .
, , , , , , , - .
, . . , , , , .
() . , . , .
, , , ( ) () , ( ) , , . , . , .
:
()
,
.
1.3 ,
, .
1) . , , , , .
, . , , , . : . .
2) . . . , , 30%. , .
, .
3) . , , , .
, , , . , .
4) . . , . . (1914 - 1920) , . (1941 - 1945) , 16 20 . .
5) . . . , , . . .
6) . , , , , . , , , . . , . , , , . .
7) . , , . , .
2.
2.1
- - . , .
.
. .
: , , .
: .
: , .
: , , .
40% ------------------ |
27% ------------------ |
3% ------------------ |
18% ----------------- |
12% ------------------ |
;
ǖ ;
;
;
.
2.2
. . .
, , :
1. ;
2. .
. , ( ) :
● ();
● ();
● ();
● ();
● ();
● ().
+++-
+- ;
_- .
2.3
- .
. 2- :
- (V1) ;
- (V2) ;
- (V3) .
3 , 1 :
- 1 ;
- 1 ;
- 1 .
:
V1 |
V2 |
V3 |
|||||||
()V11 |
()V12 |
()V13 |
() V21 |
()V22 |
()V23 |
()V31 |
()V32 |
()V33 |
|
:
I |
V1 |
|
V2 |
||
II |
V11 |
|
V12 |
||
V13 |
, | |
V21 |
||
V22 |
||
V23 |
, | |
V31 |
||
V32 |
||
V33 |
, |
, . :
7-9 | 1/7 - 1/9 | |
4-6 | 1/4 - 1/6 | |
1-3 | 1 1/3 |
:
11 | 12 | 13 |
21 | 22 | 23 |
31 | 32 | 33 |
v =
11=22=33=1
1.
∑ | ||||
1 | 2/5 | 2/4 | 1.9 | |
4/5 | 1 | 4/2 | 3.8 | |
5/2 | 5/4 | 1 | 4.75 | |
10.45 |
=2
= 4
= 5
V1 =1.9/10.45= 0.182 (18.2%)
V2 =3.8/10.45=0.364 (36.4%)
V3 =4.75/10.45=0.454 (45.4%)
2. .
2.1.
: = 7
= 5
= 3
∑ | |||||
1 | 7/5 | 7/3 | 4.73 | ||
= |
5/7 | 1 | 5/3 | 3.38 | |
3/7 | 3/5 | 1 | 2.03 | ||
10.14 |
V11 =4.43/10.14=0.466 (46.6%)
V12 =3.38/10.14=0.333 (33.3%)
V13 =2.03/10.14=0.2 (20%)
2.2.
: = 6
= 7
= 5
∑ | |||||
1 | 6/7 | 6/5 | 3.05 | ||
= |
7/6 | 1 | 7/5 | 3.57 | |
5/6 | 5/7 | 1 | 2.55 | ||
9.17 |
V21 =3.05/9.17=0.332 (33.2%)
V22 =3.57/9.17=0.389 (38.9%)
V23 =2.55/9.17=0.278 (27.8%)
2.3
: = 1
= 4
= 8
∑ | |||||
1 | 1/4 | 1/8 | 1.38 | ||
= |
4/1 | 1 | 4/8 | 5.5 | |
8/1 | 8/4 | 1 | 11 | ||
17.88 |
V31 =1.38/17.88=0.077 (7.7%)
V32 =5.5/17.88=0.308 (30.8%)
V33 =11/17.88=0.615 (61.5%)
3. .
V =V11*V1 + V21*V2 + V31*V3=0.466*0.182 +0.332 *0.364+0.077*0.454=0.241 (24.1%)
V =V12*V1 + V22*V2 + V32*V3=0.333*0.182+0.389*0.364+0.308*0.454=0.342
(34.2%)
V =V13*V1 + V23*V2 + V33*V3=0.2*0.182+0.278*0.364+0.615*0.454=0.421 (42.1%)
, , .
, , . , , , , , , .
, . , , .
- , -
1. : / . . . . . .: , 2004.
2. : / . . . . . .: - , 2003.
3. 2015 // . 2000.
- , ,
Copyright (c) 2024 Stud-Baza.ru , , , .