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1.        

2.        

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4.        

4.1

4.2

5.        

6.        

7.        

1


 

"" "create" () . , , , , " , ". "". , , , , , , . , , , . , , , , . PR, , .

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1.

:

1.         (RAT) . ( .. , ) .

2.         . 12 , . , - ( ) - - . , , 1990 .

3.         , . . . . , . (1961,1967). . - r = 0,37. r = 0,41-0,50, r = 0,46, r = 0,31-0,36. : r = 0,86-0,88. 1 - r == 0,78, 32 - r = 0,86.

4.         . . . 1958 . (. , 1982). , 25. , , (. , . , 1988). . , , .

1.

( ) ( )
1-5 14-20 31-40
6-13 21-30 41-50

1-5, 6-13 , . , 5 . , , 1 5 5 , 1 . 6 13 1 , , 1 .

14-30 , , . 14 20 : , 1 . 1 , 0 . 21-30 : 2 , , , , . 1 , 0 .

31-50 , , , .

31-40: 1 , () .

41-50: ( ) 0 , ( ) 1 .


2.

 

, . :

U ,

, ,

N .

3.

.

= U=
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
01 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1

8

30%
02 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

8

30%
03 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

7

40%
04 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1

9

25%
05 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0

7

40%
06 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

7

40%
07 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0

8

30%
08 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0

7

40%
09 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

7

40%
10 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1

9

25%
11 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1

7

40%
12 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0

9

25%
13 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

5

60%
14 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0

8

30%
15 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

7

40%
16 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

7

40%
17 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0

9

25%
18 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

4

70%
19 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0

8

30%
20 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

9

25%
21 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

8

30%
22 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1

7

40%
23 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1

5

60%
24 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0

7

40%
25 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0

7

40%
26 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1

5

60%
27 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0

9

25%
28 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0

8

30%
29 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1

8

30%
30 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

3

75%
31 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

9

25%
32 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

4

70%
33 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1

7

40%
34 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0

7

40%
35 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

10

20%
36 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2

80%
37 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

11

10%
38 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2

80%
39 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

9

25%
40 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2

80%
41 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1

8

30%
42 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1

9

25%
43 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3

75%
44 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1

9

25%
45 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

9

25%
46 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

8

30%
47 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1

8

30%
48 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

8

30%
49 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

4

70%
50 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0

9

25%

30 27 29 33 21 35 30 26 28 34 30 24 ∑x ̅ = 347

, . 16% 84%. , , 35, 37 , 38, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 .


3.

 

. - (, ). () .

(1 ), (0 ). . . :

, ;

,

,

, ,

.

-1 +1. . , . 1, .

, , :

1.        

=

=

 

, 1, 7, 10, 12, 19, 22, 23, 26, 30, 31, 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44.

. . , , D:

, , .

= 6; =6 - (6×0,27) = 4,38

= 6; =6 - (6×0,27) = 4,38.


 




, (+1 -1), 14, 15, 24, 27, 28, 29, 46, 47, , , .


4.

 

4.1

 

, , . - , , , 100, 72, - . , . , , , , - .

: , . . , , +1 , . , , , +0,8, , +0,7. . , . , : -, , -, , .

, , , , . , .

, . , . , .

36 .

4.

30 27 29 33 21 35 30 26 28 34 30 24

29 29 31 27 21 33 29 27 28 32 34 22

-

0,7. , , .

4.2

 

, . , .

, .

:

:

, 0,79, , 79% , , .


5.

, : , , . .

, . , , . , +0,3 ... 0,4, , .

, .. .

30 27 29 33 21 35 30 26 28 34 30 24

32 29 27 30 25 30 30 24 31 32 29 27

:

, 0,7, , .


6.

 

, , , . Z- ( ).

=5,

21 24 26 27 28 29 30 33 34 35

-1,9 -1,2 -0,7 -0,5 -0,2 0,02 0,3 1 1,25 1,5

0 0,2 2,2 3 4,2 5,08 6,2 9 10 11

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0-25 26 27 28 29 30 31-33 34 35-60

0-25 (1) , .

26 27

28 .

29 .

30 .

31-34 .

35


7.

 

- . .

:

1. :

2. :

, , , .


 

, . , . , , , , . , , , ( ). . , , , , ( , , ). , , , .

:

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1) ,

2) - , , ,

3) , , ,

4) , , .

, . , , ( 21-32 , , ).

, , , . ( ) :

1) ,

2) .


 

1.         .. - / .. , .. . : . . -, 2004. 145 .

2.         .. / : : . / . ..., . .. . .: -, 2003. 296 . ( ).

3.         .., .. / , : . / .. , .. , .. ..; . .. , .. . .: , 2002. 560 .

4.         . , . / - / . , . . 2- ., . . .: , 2003. 528 .: . ( ).

5.         .. : . - .: -; : , 1997.-224.

6.         .. . /.: . , 1995.-736.

7.         .. . 2- . .1. .: , 2002. 686 .

8.         . , . , . . : . . - .: Ĕ, 1994. - 702 .

9.         / . . . .. . .: , 1996. 496.


1

 

, . , , . , , . , , ( ). , . . , 1-2 . , .

I.          :

1.         λ_______________________

2.         л_______________________

3.         ʻ____________________________

4.         ̻______________________________

5.         Ļ_______________


II.        ( ) ,

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

III.       , (, , , , - ):

14. , , , _______________________________________________

15. , , , _______________________________________________

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17. , , , _______________________________________________

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19. , , , ______________________________________________

20. , , , ______________________________________________

IV. :

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.


26.

27.


28.


29.

30.

V.        , , ( ):

31. , , ______________________

32. , , ____________________

33. , , ________________________

34. , , ___________________________

35. , , ____________________________

36. , , _____________________________

37. , , ______________________________

38. , , ________________

39. -, , ___________________________

40. , , ________________________________

VI.       :

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

1. 2. 3. 4.

 

 

 

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