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IBM PC Intel — ,


IBM PC Intel

 


1. Intel

1.1 Intel

1.2

1.3 Intel

2.

2.1 4004

2.2 8008

2.3 8080

2.4 8086-8088

2.5 286

2.6 Intel 386

2.7 Intel 486 DX

3. Pentium

3.1 Pentium

3.2 Pentium Pro

3.3 Pentium II

3.4 Pentium II Xeon Intel Celeron

3.5 Pentium III Pentium III Xeon

3.6 Pentium 4

3.7 Intel Xeon Intel Itanium

4. Intel

4.1 Intel Core2 Quad Q6600

4.2 Intel Core2 Extreme

4.3 Intel Core2 Duo


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IBM PC Intel.

, Intel, , .

Intel .

(), () (. central processing unit CPU),  , , ,  . , (), , , . 80- , . [1]

, , , , . , . IBM Intel 8088 . [2]

Intel  , , , , . [6]


1. INTEL

1.1 Intel

Intel , . , Intel , . Intel , , , , , , . Intel , , , , . [6]

1.2

, Intel 25-30 , " ". , : , , , , ( ), . . , , , . , , , 42 , , " " 30 000.

, , , , , , . [6]

1971 Intel 4004, Intel . , 2300 60000 . , , , 40 . [2]

1.3 Intel

Intel, 60- - 70- , , . , , .

, Intel, PMOS (Schottky). , , . Intel : 64- 256- PMOS-.

, 1xxx, - 3xxx. , (Random Access Memory, RAM) (), , "01". , PMOS RAM 1101, RAM 3101.

, 2xxx, 1101 RAM .

Intel - , , , , Intel, " " (Microcomputer Development Systems, MDS). 1 . . ( PROM) Intel, . : PMOS. , . PMOS . [6]


2.

2.1 4004

Intel, Busicom, , .

- , Intel , 12- Busicomm. 4004, . 8008 .

, 1971 , , 1975 Intel, , " ?" , 4004, 4xxx. , RAM, ROM PROM, 4004, . 1972 Intel Microma Universal, Inc., - . , CMOS. [6]


2.2 8008

1972 Intel 8- PMOS- Computer Terminals ( Datapoint). 4004, 8008. "8" RAM, ROM EPROM, 8008.

, , . Radio Electronics, (Don Lancaster) 8008 , " ". -.

8008, , 1974 NMOS-, 8080, . [6]

2.3 8080

IBM PC 8088, 64- 160 . IBM PC 1981 ., 35 . . [5]

"" "", , " ". , $395, . .

8080 +12, +5 -5 . Intel , 12- . 1976 5- , "8085". 8086, 1978 . [3]

2.4 8086-8088

16- 8088, 8086 ( ) .

, IBM , 8088 "" IBM* PC. Intel 500 , . , Intel " ". [2]

IBM 8086/88 , 5- : 80286, 80386 , , 80486. Intel "x86" .


2.5 286

1982 286-, 80286, Intel, , . Intel. 6 286-, 15 . [3]

2.6 Intel 386

Intel 386, 1985 , 275000 , , 4004, 100 . 32- "" . [6]

2.7 Intel 486 DX

1989 Intel 486 DX. 486 " ". " , , ", . Intel 486TM , , . [2]

80- 90- . Wintel. Intel 486, IBM Compaq. , . - Windows Intel. [4]


3. PENTIUM

3.1 Pentium

586- Pentium 1993 . Pentium 100 . , - 8 , . 64 , . . .

, , . Pentium 2 , 5 , 486- . [2]

Pentium " " , , , . Pentium, , .., . [6]

3.2 Pentium Pro

Pentium Pro, 1995 , 32- , , , . Pentium Pro -, . Pentium Pro 5,5 . [6]

3.3 Pentium II

1997 Pentium II. 7,5 , Pentium II Intel MMXTM, , . - (Single Edge Contact S.E.C.), , . , Internet, , , Internet. [6]

3.4 Pentium II Xeon Intel Celeron

1999 Pentium II Xeon 7,5 - L2 512 , 1 2 . : (S.E.C) 100 , - 8 . Pentium II Xeon 64 64 . 4- . [6]

1999 Intel Celeron, 19 (0.25- ). (SEPP), 242 , Plastic Pin Grid Array (PPGA) - 370 . 64- 66 . Intel Celeron 4 , , . [3]

3.5 Pentium III Pentium III Xeon

1999 Pentium III, 9.5 (0.25- ). 512 -, (S.E.C.C. 2) , 100 64 bit. 64 . Pentium III -, , - . [6]

Pentium III Xeon, 1999 . , -, -, - . [6]

 

3.6 Pentium 4

Pentium 4 2000 . Pentium 4 ; ; "" ; ; MP3-; . 42 . , 0,18 . 400 . Intel, 4004, 108 (108 000 ) - 1,5 (1,5 . ), Pentium 4. , - - 13 . [2]

3.7 Intel Xeon Intel Itanium

Intel Xeon, 2001 , , Intel NetBurst, . Intel Xeon , . [6]

2001 Intel Itanium - 64- Intel, , . EPIC (Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing - ). , , Intel Itanium . [6]

 


4. INTEL

 

4.1 Intel Core2 Quad Q6600

Intel Intel Core, . , .

Intel Core2 Quad . , . , , Intel Core2 Quad. , 8 - 2 1066 , .

Intel Wide Dynamic Execution , . Intel Intelligent Power Capability, , . Intel Smart Memory Access , . Intel Advanced Smart Cache -. . Intel Advanced Digital Media Boost , , , , , , . [6]

4.2 Intel Core2 Extreme

Intel Core2 Extreme . Intel , .

Intel Core2 Extreme . Intel Core2 Extreme . , - 2 4 1066 , .

Intel Core2 Extreme . Intel Core2 Extreme . Intel Core2 Extreme, , , . Intel Core2 Intel, . Intel Advanced Smart Cache -. . Intel Advanced Digital Media Boost , , . Intel Core2 Extreme . . [6]

4.3 Intel Core2 Duo

Intel Core2 Duo .

Intel Core2 Duo , . , , , 40% .

Intel Core 2 Duo Intel Centrino Duo . , . .

Intel Core 2 Duo . . , , 4 - 2 1066 , Intel: Intel Wide Dynamic Execution, Intel Intelligent Power Capability, Intel Smart Memory Access, Intel Advanced Smart Cache Intel Advanced Digital Media Boost.

, , , , .

Intel Core 2 Duo . [6]


20 , . . . , . , , . [3]

, , , , , . .

, , , .

, , . " " , . , , . [7]


1. .., .. : . . .: -: -, 1999. 480 .

2. .., .., .. . .: л, 1999, 160 .

3. . IBM PC , -, 1997

4. .., .. , - ., .,1997. 230.

5. ., ., . . // - 1996 - N5.

6. http://www.intel.com

7. http://www.ferra.ru/online/market/25909/

IBM PC Intel 1. Intel 1.1 Intel 1.2

 

 

 

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