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1  

2   i80386

3   i80486

4   Pentium

5  

6  


 

PC - . . i4004 1971 Intel . i8080. "", . Basic. i8080 . PC i8088, Intel 1979. 1981 " " ( IBM) PC. i8088 4.77 0.33 Mops, , 8 . i8086 , 1978, Compaq Dec Pro. i8086 , 1982 Intel i80286. IBM PC AT. ( ). , Windows 3.0 OS/2 1. 16- 2- . 16 . i80286 . 8 1.2 Mips.

 

1

, 50- . , . , .

() - - , , .

1970 Intel , - Intel-4004, 1971 .

15 1971 . . Intel 4004.

, Intel-4004 3 ENIAC. 4 ( 16 32 ), .

4- p- 10 . 2300 . 750 10,8 . i4004 ( LIFO), ( - ), 4- , , , . 4- . 4 ( : 70- 16 ), 16 4- , 8 8-. Intel. . i4004 DIP (Dual In-line Package) 16 . 46 .

/, (, , ), . i4004 ( HALT) .

8 . ( )/ ( ), 12- 4-.

1 1972 . Intel 8- i8008. - - 10 3500 . 500 20 (10 ).

, .

i4004 16 8, ( - 4004 4040 8008 ). ( 8 5 ). READY.

65 . 16 . 2,3 . / 20 .

- , " " n- .

1 1974 Intel 8080 . - 6 , 6 . . 2 , 2 . , , 64 .

40- , , , 6.

, , . . .

- . 256 ( 10 ). i8080 () ( IBM System 360 .).

, , .

, , , , .

32- x86 IA-32 (Intel Architecture 32 bit), , 64- IA-64 (Intel Architecture 64 bit). , 2003 Athlon 64 AMD (Advanced Micro Devices), , 32- , 64- . 64- .

2 i80386

1985 Intel 32- i80386. , , Compaq Desk Pro 386. 32- , . . 16 6 Mips. 32- 4Gb , , V86. i8086.

i80386, 1 , i80386DX. 32- 1988 (i80386SX). 16- 24- . IBM PC AT. , i80386DX, i80386DX. . SX ""(16- ). i486 SX . 1989 Intel i80486DX, 1.2 . 86- . 1 , -. , RISC-, 4- 32- . 8 - . 25 16.5 Mips. 1991. 50 50%. , , 30% .


3 i80486

i80486SX 1991. , i486SX 20 40% i486DX 33 . i486SX , . i486DX , i486SX . i486 : , . -, -. i486 4Gb 64 . 1990 32- Notebook, , i386DX/SX . 1990 Intel i386SL, i386SX, . , , 2 : i80386SL i82360SL. i386SL SMI, , . . i80387SL , . i80486SL SL, Intel 1992. i80486DX, , (3.3 V), . 16- PI-, Flash-.

1992 Intel 2- , i486DX2. , 2 . 50 25/33 . - , - 8. , i486DX2, 70% , i486DX2 . i486SX2, . , OverDrive. DX2 OverDrive , , . , . -. . . Intel DX4 (DX4-75,83,100,120). 3.3. - 1.6 .

4 Pentium

 

1995 . Intel 66,60 , 586. i86, 286, 386, 486. 3,1 . 32- 64- , 528 /. 486, , Pentium Intel 0.8 Bi-CSOS . 166 112 MIPS. 2 , , 2 1 . Pentium 2 8 . -, , . Pentium . , . , 8- , 1 . Pentium 1.5/2 (75/50, 90/60, 100/66, 120/60, 133/66). 13 4 3,3. 1A, 50, 100. - 296. 0.6 Bi-CMOS . - 3.3 .

1 1995 Intel P6, , . 2 : 256/512 - 2- . 16 1- . 6 200, 166, 150 . 6 - 200 366, .e. RISC. 5,5 . 31 . 3 14. 387 . 6 . 6 Intel 2 PCI. 6 , 1- 32, , . 7, Intel HP, 1997 . 1. MIPS.

 

5

 

, (RISC-, , ) , . 1992 Intel iCOMP. , i86. 486SX-25 100. "" : 16- 57%, 16- 13%, 32- 25%, 32- 5%.

iCOMP

iCOMP
486sx2-50 180
486dx4-100 435
P60 510

P166

1308

 

6

 

. . , - . , . . . Intell 486DX . , ", ", . . , 3- , , .. . 1/3 .

IBM i8087 Intell, 1980 . , Intell-x , . CYRIX , . Intell. , ( , - ..). . Intell-.

Weitek 1981 , Intell. Weitek 200 ., , , 1.5 . . , , , . Weitek , . Weitek .


 

1.  .

2.  .. , .. , 1989

1 2 i80386 3 i80486 4 Pentium 5 6

 

 

 

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