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1951 . , , -n-.

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1925 American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) - Bell Telephone Laboratories. 1936 Bell Telephone Laboratories , , . , - .

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, Bell Telephone Laboratories 1951 , 1972 , , , , .

Bell Telephone Laboratories 1967 , .

. Bell Telephone Laboratories 1955 , , Shockly Transistor Corporation. , . , , , , . .

Fairchild Semiconductor, , 1968 Intel.

- , . , 1952 . , Shockly Transistor Corporation . .

. , , , publicity. . , , .

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19 1947 . . .


1. William F. Brinkman, Douglas E. Haggan, William W. Troutman. A History of the Invention of the Transistor and Where it will lead us // IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. Vol.32, No.12. December 1997.

2. Hugo Gernsback. A Sensational Radio Invention // Radio News. September 1924.

3. . . // . 2004. 46, . 1.

4. ., . . . . // . 1952. 5.

5. ., . // . 2004. 15.

6. Lee . ., A Nonlinear History of Radio. Cambridge University Press. 1998.

7. . // . 2006. 1.

8. Andrew Emmerson. Who really invented Transistor? www.radiobygones.com

9. Michael Riordan. How Europe Missed the Transistor // IEEE Spectrum, Nov. 2005. www.spectrum.ieee.org

1. 2. .. 3. 4. 5. 54 , (

 

 

 

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