. , , ,

,,,

(1914-1945 .) — ,

(1914-1945 .)

. , - , .
, -. , , . , , . , . , . , .
6 1917 . . 175 . . , , , , .
, - , ( ), "". , , .
. , - . , 30 000 () .
, . "", . . 10 , 80 000 .
, - , , , - . , , , . , , , - . , , , . , . , , , , , . , .
, . ( . ), .

1921 . , ( ) . . , , , . 1922 . -94, , . 25 , . , . -94 , , , .
20- " ", 1917 . , . , . " " 1917 1929 . 10 000 - .
. 1929 . , , " " . (Signal Intelligence Service) . . , , - , , , , . .
7 . , 30- , . 1934 . , , , .
30- 50 . - -209, , . -134 - . , - , .
-134 POTUS-PRIMER (President of the United States - Prime Minister) - .

1934 . 605- , . , 1937 1939 ., , . 1939 . . , .
1938 . - 1 - , , , , , -. 1939 . - 2- 101 - . - , , , .
: 1 - -, -; 2 - -; 3 - -, ; 6 - -, , ; 7 - -, ; 9 - --. , .
, . .
30- , . . . - , . 1940 ., , , - .
, , , 1941 . 50 75 , 15 . , , , , - .
. 227 - , 1941 ., 223 4 .

1941 . . 19 181 , 1942 . - - , .
- (Signal Security Service). , 4 , : - , - , - , D -- .
1942 . , - F, .
1943 . , (Signal Security Agency).
( ). , , . , : 1942 . , 1943 . .
- , , - , RAM (Rapid Analytical Machine). , , .
13 IBM, 21 . . . , 1944 . - G ( ), 1945 . 407 1275 . , , 1944 . 2574 , 82 % . ( 2- , ) 10 . .
G , "". "" - ( 80 - ) . 1942 . "", .
RAM, "", - - , "". 1943 1945 . - 1357 , 413 .
- . , , .
F. -134 -228 (SIGCUM), 1943 . , . , . , 1943 . 23 . , - - 40 . . -228 , , .
- . -228 , , , . , -228, , .
, , . , , . , , , . , , " ". , - , .
1945 ., "" , , . 28 . . , , . . - 12 1945 . .
"" - 2- , 2 1942 . 2- . - ( ), - 2 , . 5 . .
, , , , . , , , , ( -) ( ), .
2- . -, - SCR-243 244, SCR-607, 612 ., - SCR-206 503.
, , SCR-284 SCR-558, SCR-206, 503 SCR-612.
AN/VRD-1 , SCR-503, SCR-612, 613, RC-163, SCR-510.
WACS (Women's Army Corps Service) - -.
800 1943 ., 1500 . - , .

. 1944 . : , , , . , .
6 1945 ., , 15 .
7 , 24 1952 . . , - - , - .

1. . , . . . : . , 1979, 67, 3, . 71-109.
2. . . , . . . . .: , 1996.
3. . .: , 1984.
4. G. R. Thompson, D. R. Dixie. The signal corps: The outcome (mid 1943 through 1945), Washinghton: US Army, Office of the Chief of military history, 1966.
5. ULTRA and the Army Air Force in World War II. Office of Air Force History, US Air Force, Washinghton, D.C.,1987.
6. D. Kahn. The Codebreakers. SPHERE Books LIMITED, London, 1973.
7. J. Bamford. The Puzzle Palace. A Report on NSA, America's Most Secret Agency. Boston, 1982.

(1914-1945 .)

 

 

 

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