,,,
: ( ) .
: , , .
1. .
1.1. .
, . , . , , . .
, , . - , . :
1) , , , ;
2) .
x(t)=A cos(w0t+j0) (1a)
x(t)=A sin(w0t+j0), (1)
x(t)- t, , A- , , w0- () j = (w0 + j0) - t, j0 - . x t. +1 1, x +A A. , , T, . T 2, .. (w0(t+T)+j0))-(w0t+j0) = 2.
T = 2/w0. (2)
, :
v = 1/T, (3)
, , . (2)(3),
w0 = 2v. (4)
(): 1 , 1 .
x(t) ( v a) :
dx/dt = v(t) =-Aw0sin(w0t+j0) = Aw0cos(w0t+j0+p/2) (5a)
(5)
.. , . (5) (5), , Aw0 Aw0. (5) (1) /2, (5)- . , , x=0, v=dx/dt . x - + max , a=dx/dt + - .
(5)
(6)
, x=Acos(w0t+j0). (6) (1).
1.2
X , . x t - (1):
x(t)= Acos(w0t+j0). (5) (5) v(t) a(t) : v(t)=A w0 cos(w0t+j0+p/2), a(t)=Aw0 cos(w0t+j0+p).
F=ma, m, x(t) a(t)
F=-m w0 x. (7)
, .
, ,
(8)
(8)
, ,
(8)
(8)
:
(9)
(7) (8) , 2w0 . (9) , .
, , .
1.3.1
, , (.1).
, (e = M/J, e - , M , , J ) F
(10)
M = Ftl=-mgl sina =-mgla, J- , , l- , Ft = -mg sina== -mga g .
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
:
(15)
(15) , w0
(16)
L=J/(ml) .
' , L, (. .1). , , =l . : , . , .
`P=m`g
. 1
1.3.2.
, m, , .
J =ml, l- . , , , , (16), .
(17)
(16) (17) , , , . , , .
l
m
.2
1.3.3
2, 3 1, (.3). . , 4.
T = 2p J/mgl (. (16)) g. T, l , J g. , , , l J . , l , .
3
4
1
3
1
x
.3
, J l g. . -, (.1)
J = Jc + ml (18)
Jc , , l- . (18) (16),
(19)
, , l
. l
=- mgl
sina (.1),
,
. l 0,
:
. (19):
l 0
(20)
, l , Jc ml l. = l . l T Tm=Tmin, . T(l) .4.
l=0 . , , (19), T(l) . T(l) , .
T
T
Tm
lm l1 0 lm l2 l
.4
, , . l1 l2(l2=l1) (.5), :
T(l1) = T(l2). (21)
Jc/ml1+l1= Jc/ml2+l2 (22)
l1 = l2,
l2 = Jc/ml1 (23)
(24)
,
(24)
(24), g : L=(l1+l2) ( ) l1 l2, , l1¹l2. , .. T(l1)=T(l2)=T. , L=(l1+l2) .
L
.5
2.
2.1.
: . .
(.6) 2, 5. 8. 1 . 11, 10. , , . 3 . , , , . , , , .
11
10
9
6
8
4
7
l 6
5
4
3
2
1
.6
. 9, 4 6. . 6. ( 1,0) . .
, , (4 6)
2.2.
2.2.1.
, . .7 l = l0 + r, r . : h 2r. , , l = H-h-r. T1 T2 : l l. (17)
l l0 H
2r
h
.7
:
, g .
l-l=h-h. .
2.2.2.
1. .
2. h .
3. ( 4-5), , . t1, n=50 . 50 l . 1.
4. l. h . t2, n=50 . 50 l . 1.
5. t T1 T2 T= t/n. T1 T2.
6. . 1. 1.
/ h, h,젠 n t1,t2, T1,T2,c T1,T2, g,/
2.3. .
, . , , , . .., , . .
. , , . . . , , . , .
1. :
1-2 , . .
2. . ( 4-5), , .
t, n=50 . 2.
3. . 2.
4. , , 1 2. 2.
5. 3 4, 1 , 9-10 .
6. . .
7. , . . , . (T=T1=T2).
8. (16) .
2
/ 堠
, n
x, 젠 t0, T1, t2, T2,
: (
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