. , , ,

,,,

445 -130 -280 —

1.

 

1.1

, , , . .

, , .

, , , (), () , - - , , , - - . , , .

, , , .

, . .

.

, , , . .

1.2

. , - , , ..

, , , , , , . .

, , : 5 % ; ; .

, , , , , .

, 6080 . 0,5 /2 . , . . ; , , , 10% . , . , , . .

, . , , , . , . . .

. .

, 0,81,0 . , , , . . . . .

, , . .

: , ; .

600 2 . . 3 .

, , .


2. -

 

2.1

1 .

L-1 = L-1 * 1 * 3, [ 4, . 205 ] (1) L-1 1, . [7, 17]

1

. [8, . 26]

3 . [8, . 27]

-130 L-1 = 3000 * 0.9 * 1 = 2700

-280 L-1 = 5000 * 0.9 * 1 = 4500

2.

L-2 =L-2 * 1 * 3, [4, ,205] (2)

L-2 2 , [7, . 17]

-130 L-2 = 12000 * 0.9 * 1 = 10800

-280 L-2 = 20000 * 0.9 * 1 = 18000

.

L = L * 1 * 2 * 3, [9, . 18 ] (3)

L , [7, . 17 ]

2 [8, . 27 ]

-130 L = 300000 * 0.9 * 1* 1.1 = 297000

-280 L = 360000 * 0.9 * 1 * 1.1 = 356400

.

1.

n1 = L-1* l (4)

l ,

-130 n1 = 2700/155= 18

-280 n1 = 4500/155 = 29

1

L-1 = l * n1, [9, . 19] (5)

-130 L-1 = 155 * 18 = 2790

L-1 = 2800

-280 L-1 = 155 * 29 = 4495

L-1 = 4500

1 2

n2= L-2/ L-1 (6)

-130 n2 = 10800/2800= 4

-280 n2 = 18000/4500= 4

2.

L-2 = L 1 * n2 , [9, . 19 ] (7)

-130 L-2 = 2800 * 4 = 11200

-280 L-2 = 4500 * 4 = 18000

2

n3 = L* L-2 (8)

-130 n3 = 297000/11200 = 27

-280 n3 = 356400/18000 = 19

L = L 2 * n3 , [9, . 19 ] (9)

-130 L = 12000 * 27 = 302400

L = 302000

-280 L = 18000 * 19 = 356400

L = 360000

 

2.2

.

, 1, 2,

N = L/ L=1 [4, . 206] (10)

N = L/ l [4, . 206] (11)

-130 N = 302000/155 = 1948

-280 N = 360000/155 = 2323

N-2 = L/ L - 1 [4, . 206] (12)

-130 N-2 = 302000/11200-1 = 26

-280 N-2 = 360000/18000-1 = 19

N-1 = L/ L-1 - (N-2 + N) [4, . 206] (13)

-130 N-1 = 302000/2800- (1+26) = 81

-280 N-1 = 360000/4500- (1+19) = 60

.

L = l * * αb, (14)

,

αb .

αb = α 0.15 (15)

α .

-130 L = 155*244*0.79 = 29877.8

-280 L = 155*244*0,79 = 29877.8

η = L/ L

[4, . 207] (16)

-130 η =29877.8/302000 = 0.10

-280 η =29877.8/360000 = 0.08

α = / ( + - ) [4, . 206] (17)

, .

- .

-130 α = 1948/(1948+130)= 0.94  αb = 0.94 0.15 = 0.79

-280 α = 2323/(2323+154)= 0.94  αb = 0.94 0.15 = 0.79

= L/ l , [4, . 207] (18)

-130 = 1948

-280 = 2323

- = + + ( α- * L * 4)/1000 , (19)

, [8, . 24]

,

α- , / 1000

[8, .24]

ʴ4 [8, . 28]

-130 - = 22+2.2 + (0.50*302000*0.7)/1000 = 130

-280 - = 25+2.5 + (0.50*360000*0.7)/1000 = 154

= 0,1 * , (20)

-130 = 0,1*22 = 2.2

-280 = 0.1*25 = 2.5

4 = L 4/ L (21)

L4-

-130 4 = 70000/297000 = 0.23 4 = 0.4 ʒ4 = 0.7

-280 4 = 70000/356400 = 0.19 K 4 = 0.5 K4 = 0.7

,-1, -2,

∑N = N * η* [4, . 207] (22)

-130 ∑N = 1948*0.10*305= 59414

-280 ∑N = 2323*0.08*405= 75265

∑N-1 = N-1 * η * [4, . 207] (23)

-130 ∑N-1 = 81*0.10*305=2470

-280 ∑N-1 = 60*0.08*405=1944

∑N-2 = N-2 * η* [4, . 207] (24)

-130 ∑N-2 = 26*0.10*305=793

-280 ∑N-2 = 16*0.08*405=615

∑N = N * η * [4, . 207] (25)

-130 ∑N = 1*0.10*305=30

-280 ∑N = 1*0.08*405=32

∑N=N* (26)

-130 ∑N=2*305=610

-280 ∑N=2*405=810


.

N = ∑N/ [4, . 207] (27)

-130 N = 59414/244=243

-280 N = 75265/244=308

N-1 = ∑N-1/ [4, . 207] (28)

-130 N-1 = 2470/244=10 =1

-280 N-1 = 1944/244=8 =1

N-2 = ∑N-2/ [4, . 207] (29)

-130 N-2 = 793/244=3 =1

-280 N-2 = 615/244=4 =1

.

.

t = t * 2 * 5 * , .. [4,. 208] (30)

t , ..

[7, . 17]

5 .

[8, . 29]

(0,35 0,75) .

-130 t = 0.45*1*0.85*0.35=0.13

-280 t = 1.8*1*0.85*0.35=0.54

t-1 = t-1 * 2 * 5 * , .. [4, . 208] (31)

t-1 2, . . [7, . 17]

= 1 .

-130 t-1 = 2.2*1*0.85*1=1.9

-280 t-1 = 13.5*1*0.85*1=11

t-2 = t-2 *2 * 5 * , . [4, . 208] (32)

t-2 2, .. [7, . 17]

-130 t-2 =10.8*1*0.85*1=9

-280 t-2 = 47*1*0.85*1=40

t = t * 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5, ./1000 (33)

t , . /1000 [7, . 17]

-130 t = 3.6*1.1*1*0.9*0.4*0.85=1.2

-280 t = 11*1.1*1*0.9*0.5*0.85=4.6

.

∑ = ∑N * t, .. [4, . 209] (34)

-130 ∑ = 2470*0.13=321

-280 ∑ = 1944*0.54=1049

∑-1 = ∑N-1 * t-1, .. [4, . 209] (35)

-130 ∑-1 =2470*2.2=5435

-280 ∑-1 =1944*13.5=26244

∑-2 = ∑N-2 * t-2, .. [4, . 209] (36)

-130 ∑-2 = 2470*10.8=26681

-280 ∑-2 = 1944*47=91368

∑ = t * L * / 1000 , . [5, . 108] (37)

-130 ∑ = ((1.2*29877.8)/1000)*305=10935

-280 ∑ = ((4.6*29877.8)/1000)*405=55662

∑ = ∑N* t-2 * , .. [5, . 108] (38)

= 0,3 .

-130 ∑ = 610*10.8*0.2=1317

-280 ∑ = 400*47*0.2=7614

.

- = ∑ + ∑-1 + ∑-2 + ∑ + ∑, . (39)

-130 - = 321+54351+26681+10935+1317=93606

-280 - = 1049+26244+91368+55662+7614=181938

- =∑- = ∑- + ∑-, .. (40)

∑- = 93606+181938=275544

.

∑ = , ∑- * /100 . [4, . 209] (41)

= 11 % .

-130 ∑ = 93606*10/100 = 9360.6

-280 ∑ = 181938*10/100 = 18193.8

= ∑- + (42)

-130 =93606+9360.6 = 102966.6

-280 =181938+18193.8 = 200131.8

= 102966.6+200131.8=303098.4

g= *+*

-130 g =10965.3*2.2+9360.65*1=24057.66+9360.65=334.1831

-280 g

=55662.3*2+18193.81*81=111324.6+18193.81=1295.1841

1

% . % . % . % .
1

37,6 31147 37.6 6172 - - - - 37319
2

19,5 16153 19.5 3200 - - - - 19353
3 - 1,5 1242 1,5 246 - - 5 1033 2521
4

..

6,3 5219 6,3 1034 25 4412 5 1033 11698
5 . 3,2 2650 3.2 525 - - 5 1033 4208
6 1 828 1 146 - - 2.5 517 1491
7 1 828 1 146 2.5 517 1491
8 2 1657 2 328 - - - - 1985
9 - 4 3314 4 567 2 353 - - 4234
10 4,3 3562 4.3 706 31 5471 - - 9739
11

3,8 3148 3.8 624 - - - - 3772
12

12,8 10603 12.8 2101 26 4588 - - 17292
13

-

3 2485 3 429 16 2824 - - 5801
14 100 82838 100 16415 100 17648 20 4133 121034
15 -1 100 3130 100 8439 - - - - 11569
16 -2 - - - - - - 2040 80 16534 18574
100 85968 100 24854 100 19688 100 20667 151177

2.3 ,

.

= ( - - ) * 1, [9, . 36] (44)

, .

, .

, .

, .

.

= 244*18-5*1 = 1947 .

.

= ( * 6.67 + * 8 ) , [9, . 36] (45) .

= 1947 ( 28 * 6.67 * 3 * 8 ) = 1736

, .

.

= / η , [4, . 212] (46)

η .

, ..

:

= 1629/1947*1 = 1

.

= / * η , [4, . 212] (47)

:

= 1929/ 1736*1 = 1

, 2.

1.

-1 = / * [9,. 38] (48)

1, .

-1 = 6/(3*1) = 2

2.

-2 = / * * η [9, . 38] (49)

-2 = 9/(2*2*0.9)= 2

.

= * φ/ * * [4, . 221] (50)

φ = (1,2 1,5) .

= 37319*1.2/1946*2*2*0.9 = 6

.

= -1 + -2 + (51)

= 2+2+6= 10

, 2.

.

F = * f * , [4, . 224] (52)

f ,

= (4 5) .

fa = * b , (53)

,

b ,

f = 7,9*2,5 = 18.75

1.

F = 3*19.75*5=290

-2 ,, . 12.

.

F = f1 + f2 * ( 1 ), [9, . 63] (54)

f1, f2 , , [9, . 63]

- .

F = 18 + 12 * ( 3-1 ) = 90 2

, 2.

2 , , .

1 19 21 6 580
2 10 11 72
3 1 2 36
4 6 8 48
5 2 2 22
6 1 1 33
7 1 1 18
8 1 1 48
9 - 2 2 36
10 5 7 1 90
11 2 2 1 50
12 - 9 10 90
13 3 3 42
14 62 71 8 1131
15 - 1 6 7 2 193
16 - 2 9 11 2 290
77 77 12 1614

F = fmin + f * , [ 5, . 118] (55)

fmin - , [5, 119]

f , [5, . 119]

.

F = 20+0,4*445=198

.

F = 20+0,05*445=42

.

F = 30+0,25*445=141

F = 20+0,05*445=42

.

F = 7,5+0,025*445=19

.

F = 5+0,05*445=27

.

F/ = F/ + F/ + F/ + F/ + F/ + F/ , (56)

F/ = 198+42+141+42+19+27=469

F/ = /100**( f * ∑), [5, . 118] (57)

, %

[5, . 119]

ς

[5, . 119]

f 1 ,

∑ , -

=/* η, - (58)

=194137/1946=100 -

∑=1.15*100=115 -

10% .

= * 0,1, - (59)

= 115 * 0,2 = 23 -

F = (100/(100*1))*0.25*92=23

F = (100/(100*1))*0.25*23=6

F = (100/(100*18))*0.25*92 = 2

F = (100/(100*15))*0.8*23=2

F = (100/(100*4))*2*92=46

F = (100/(100*4))*2*23=11

.

F = (100/(100*30))*2.5*92= 7

F = (100/(100*15))*2.5*23=4

F/ =(100/(100*1))*0.03*115=4

F=(30/(100*1))*1.5*92=41

F=(30/(100*1))*1.5*23=10

.

F/ = F/ + F/ + F/ + F/ + F/ , (60)

F/ = 29+4+57+11+4+51=156

.

F = F-1+F-2+F+F+F+F/, (61)

F = 193+290+580+551+469+156=2239

F = F * , (62)

1,15 ,

F = 2239*1.15=2575

2.4

= *, * [8, . 33] (63)

, %[8, . 184]

-130 Ғ= 82838*2/100=1656*

-280 Ғ= 16415*2/100 =328 *

=/*, [8, . 35] (64)

=1958/1946*1=1

=/*, . [8, . 35] (65)

=1985/1727*1=1 .

, .

2,3    .

 ; ; .

=****, [3, . 223] (66)

,

,

=238*8*1*0,9*1=1714

Q=/ ,[3, . 223] (67)

Q=1985/1714=1,2

=(*100)/(Q*), % [3, . 223] (68)

=(1985*100)/(1,2*1714)=97 %


3

/ - - , 2
1 2233, 1270*1032 1 1,31
2 -209 , . 2100*1785 1 3,75
3 -101 1000*700 1 0,7
4

-

5008

, . 1/2

1280*1352

1 1,73
5 ( ) -15 500*500 1 0,25
6 2
: 7,74

4

/

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

-7

-8

7219

5547-52

2310-59

5423-54

7211-54

7212-54

2889-57

-524-60

1465-59

-01-63

2

1

1

5

1

1

1

3

1

2

2

1

1

6

3

3

1

1

1

5

1

1

2

1

1

5

- , 2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

:

-3701

1017,

1250*700

3000*700

250*300

700*300

700*300

450*450

1

1

1

1

1

1

0,88

2,1

0,075

0,21

0,21

0,2

3,8

F=*F, 2 [8, . 63] (69)

[8, .60]

F , 2

F=4*12=48 2

F=6*8=48 2

2.5

. , , .

. .  , .. -1, --2, -, , ; (-, , , , , .); . . , . . , . .

, . , .

2.6

.

=*100/*, % (70)

=1984*100/1946*1=101 %

=*100/, % (71)

=1984*100/1727*1=115%

2.7

() , , , .

, .

, , , . .

, - (, , , - ..).

. : , , ; , , ; , , , ; , , , . , , , .

, . . . , , , .

, . .

, .

(, , ) , , . .

.

, , , , , . - , , , , .

. ( - , , , . .) , , .

. , , . , , .

, . (, ) , . . , , , 10-20 , 2-2,5 . . (, ) . , ( 50-60 % ) , , (, , ) , . , , , .

- , , , , , , , , , . ( ). , , . , , .


2.8

6

 .  1,4 *

/

- - - - - -, * -
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 -

3

0,16 5% - , t=60..80
2

3

0,03 0,12...0,15
3 -

3

- 0,08
4 , -

3

- 0,08
5

3

- 0,16
6

3

- 0,16
7 -

3

-, - 0,16
8

3

- 0,12
9

3

0,03
10

3

0,08
11 -

3

- 0,08
12 -

3

- 0,12
13 -

3

- 0,12
14

3

0,02

3.

 

3.1

 

, .

 , .

, .

. , , .

, , , . , , , , , , , .

(100 1 ). , , .

, . , . . - . , . , .

3.2 ,

.

Q=q*V*n, (72)

q , /3

V , 3

n

V=F*h

V=48*6=288

Q=0,1*288*7=202

W=V*k, 3/ [8, 168] (73)


k , -1 [8, 204] (74)

W=288*4=11523/

-4 .

N=W*/(3600*102**), (75)

W , 3/ [8, . 204]

, [8, . 204]

[8, . 204]

[8, . 204]

N=1150*250/(3600*102*0,5*1,5)=1,04

N=N*, (76)

N=1,04*1,1=1,15

F=F*, 2 [8, . 167 ] (77)

F , 2

 [8, . 204]

F=48*0,3=14,4 2

n=F/F1 (78)


F1 , 2

F1=2,1*2,1=4,41 2

n=14.4/4,41=3

N=R*F, [8, . 168] (79)

R , /2

N=18*48=864

n=N/N (80)

N ,

n=864/150=6

N=n*N, (81)

N=6*150=900


4.

, . - 50 . . , , , .

.

. - , . , . - . .

, , .


5.

- , .

. , , .

: .

, .


6.

 

6.1

:

- ;

- . ;

- ;

- ;

- ;

-;

-;

- . ;

-.

, , (), (). 40% , 11.3% 1.15. - .

=2****; ; [1..23 ] (82)

- 40% ;

- 11.3% ;

- 1.15

=30.95*1985*1.4*1.113*1.15=110088

. , - 26% , 20% , 2.2% , 3.6% .

=*26/100; . [1..30] (83)

=110088*26/100=28623

. , , . . , (, ), -, . .

=*/100; (84)

- ;

(2.5%)

=16.8**V; (85)

16.8 12

(10)

=16.8*10*288=48384

=48384*2.5/100=1209

=*/100; (86)

, 80% .

(14.5%)

=*0,8; (87)

= 48384*0.8=38707

=38707*14.5/100=5612

5% .

=5(+)/100; . (88)

=5(48384+38707)/100=4355

3% .

=3(+)/100; (89)

=3(110088+28623)/100=4161


.=(W+W+W)*; . (90)

1. (1,18 )

=1100*1,15=1265

=Q* 0.539*; (91)

0,539- 1

1 (253 )

=202*0.359*253=18347

10%

.=*0.1; (92)

.= 38707*0.1=3870

5% .

=5(+++++.+.++.) (93)

=5(110088+28623+1209+5612+4355+4161+1265+18347+3870)\100=

=8877


= +++++.+.++.+;

(94)

=177530+8877=186406

, , ,

7

7

,

,

%

110088 34
. 28623 9
186406 57
: 325117 100

, (57%), , , .


- 8 -

/
1 2 3 4 5 6
1

-1

L-1 2520 6300
2

-2

L-2 7560 12600
3 L 18900 200810
4 0.9 0,9
5 L 39270 39270
6

* 19241 23718
7

-1

-1 * 3130 8439
8

-2

-2 * 10685 9983
9

* 727 1313
10

* 82838 16415
11 * 194137
12 * 1985
13 1
14 1
15

F 2 48
16 1946
17 1727
18 % 101
19 % 115
20 8291
21 Σ 162816

, , - -35320 225 .,-8151 200 . , , 2,3.

1000 0,6 6322 .

- , .

- :

- ;

- , - ;

- ;

- , ;

- , ;

-


1 . . , , .: , 1998.

2 . . , .: , 1989.

3 . ., . . , .: , 1982.

4 . . , .: , 1990.

5 , , .: , 1984.

6 . , .: , 1986.

7 : , .: , 1986.

8 . ., . ., . . : , .: , 1985.

1. 1.1 , , ,

 

 

 

! , , , .
. , :