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2008


1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

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1.

: ) ) .

( ) (CMV, AssistCMV).

() .

, , - , ( ). , (PSV).

, , ( ), .. .

. . . , (PSV) , , . . , . , .

, . , (, ) , .

. , IMV PS :

- , / , , ;

- , , .

.

 

2.

 

(C) , . - . , . ( ) , ( ). , .

, , . . , , , . , - . . , . , ( ).

, , :

- , ;

- , ;

- ;

- ;

- .

, , (PC-IRV). () , -,

(V) , . , ( ). . , , . , VT 2. .

( ) , , . , , , ( ), VE, , .

, , . . (, .).

(1 100 ) (sigh volume). . .

 

3.

(Controlled Mechanical Ventilation Continuous mandatory ventilation - CMV). , (/), , . , V, , (V-PC).

, . - - ", ", " ", " " .

, . , . : , . , , . .

/ (AssistCMV). , , ( ) , (). . , . (" "). CMV AssistCMV , .

 

4.

, (Assisted mandatory ventilation - AMV). . AssistCMV ( ) . . AMV , , .

, (Pressure control ventilation - PCV). , , . . . . . , , . PCV , IMV. , , , , , - (SIMV PC). , SIMV (PC) (PS) . PCV, (CMV-PC, PC-IRV), .

(Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation - IMV). , ( ) . IMV CMV. , . .

, . , , (). , , , , .

V ( , ), 2 , V/Q .

, . . IMV . 90 / , .

(Sinchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation SIMV). , , IMV. , . , , . (SV -900, SV-300, Bird-8400). . - , , .

IMV, , . , (PSV).

, . SIMV :

- , ;

- ;

- - ;

- .

2, .

(Pressure support ventilation - PSV). . PSV , .

, . PSV. , , "backup" , PSV .

-. . , , , , - , . .

, , . . 25% ( , ). PSV, , . , , 25% , . , , 1-5 . , PSV , , 3 . .

PSV , , , ; , . PSV , ( ).

(Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - CPAP). , , . , , ( ) . , ( ). . . . , .

(). , - , V SIMV.

, , ..

(APRV airway pressure-release ventilation). APRV J.B.Downs 1987 . , . , , , ( ) . , , , .. APRV -IRV. , . , . , .

RV, ( ).

, , BiPAP (bilevel airway pressure). Puritan Bennett 840, SV 300.

, . , , .

(Biphasic positive airway pressure - BIPAP). . BIPAP , . , , . ( ). , ( ) , 3 ( ).

, BIPAP, . , . , .

(Mandatory Minute Ventilation - MMV) - . . . , , , . , , . V Drager Evita, Bear 5, Bear 1000, Engstrom Erica.

, . , , , . . , VT 1 100 250,0 40 . , , 150 , 8,5 /, - 4,0 /. , .

. , . , .. . , , , . , ( ) ( - VAPS). , , , ( ) (PCV, PSV).

(Volume-assured pressure support - VAPS). (, ) , . , : , , , , . , , , , . Bird 8400ST (VAPS) Bear 1000 (pressure augmentation - PA).

, . , , ( ), , . , VAPS (CMV -VC).

, . , . , PSV. / , ( ), . , (PSV). , . . , ( D). , , , ( ). , . 3 , .

(Pressure-Regulated Volume Control Ventilation - PRVCV). VT, , , . PCV . , (.. ). , . , . PRVC , , , , . SV 300, PURITAN-BENNET 840.

(Volume Support VS). PSV . . , . VS PRVCV , VS . , , PSV. / , . . , 5 2 . PRVC.

VS: , , , , .

 

5.

. , . .

(high-frequency positive pressure ventilation HFPPV) . 60 100 (1-1,7 ), , . .

(high-frequency jet ventilation - HFGV) 100 600 (1,7-10 ), . , . , ( )

(high frequency oscillation HFO) 3000 4000 (50-66,7 ). , , , . , , .

() , . , .

. , , .

 


 

1.   , . . . , . , . , - . .., . . . .., - . .., . . . .., ..; . ... .. , ... .. ; 2001

2. . . : / . .. . .: . 2000. 464 .: . . . . ISBN 5-225-04560-

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