. , , ,

,,,

2 , 2 (-) —

 


ࠠ , U=nmr ==(ze2/4- :

.. /n)=U1 /n U1=e2/4Eoh= 1) -

1. -. w=W=hv = =2 106/񠠠 2)

. - h=6,625 10-34=1-=(1-ws) - =WK+Wp=(mU2/2)-(zee/4 r)

(>0) => => h/2=1,04 10-34 - . = mz2e4 _ ze2mze2

. .ࠠ =h/mec  162Eo22r22 44r2

-:1... ࠠ =2,426 10-12. = _ mz2e4 4)

( ) 2. f(w,T)=(w3 /42C2)(1/ew/Kt- - 3222r22 => 5)-

1) ( ) w/Kt . E =E1 /n2 E1==-13,6 

-. - 4. ࠠ Š  

- - ࠠ .

. . - 6) I2 .

- 蠠 ࠠ 3.

: 󠠠 堠 :

r(w,T)= , . - hv=Em-En=(E1/m2)-(E1/n2) =>

. -. . : :

: =hv/c; P-; =F / v=(E1/h)(1/m2 1/n2) E1/h= 2

Rc=; Rc=(w,T)dw2. /S <= F=P /t = =R=3,29 10 25

ó r(T)= .-=dp/dt => P=dp/dts dp= ; v=(R/m2 R/n2)=

젠 =dp+ dp=2(hv/c)N+(1-p)( =T(m)-T(n) T=R/n2 - > Yy >

(w,T)=d /dS :1) hv/c)N=(hvN/c)(2p+1-p)=(1+p)( . Zz > Et >

1) =0 => => hvN/c) : -

 , P=(1+p)hvN / cdts=(1+p)(W/cs :

2) 0  頠 2) dt)=(1+p)(Ec/c) - -

3) =0=> . ⠠

( - - =(1+)(W/csdt) cdt=l(- v=c/ 1/V=(R/c)(1/m2

- ) => -1/n2); R=R/c=1,097 107젠 -

). , .(- =(1+)(W/V)=(1+p)w -.

: 4.

1. : . - . -

, -

, 1. : ꠠ - . . .

.- -, -.

堠 . - ., -

. ( =--. .

. ). . , 2 .-

r1(w,T) = r2(w,T) = rn(w,T) 2. Max . - ࠠ 2. ..

a(w,T) a2(w,T) = an(w,T)= 򠠠 젠 (-m)(2)+U=i

= r*(w,T) , - 1) - =h /=h/P ࠠ /t) i=1; U=U(x,y,z) -

a(w,T) = f(w,T) = r*(w,T) . :

.: -3. - 1. - .

. ࠠ

2. -: , .. min 蠠 1) -ࠠ , . .

Re*= 4 max * p=mU-

(=5,67 10-8 / . d Au W=mU2/2-- (U=0-

/24) ; -.. - ... ):

-. . I W=2/2m => mE/2) =>

Re=aTT 4; Re=aT(T 4-To4) - W=hv=hw . ; =>p=,/2mW==Ae( )(-i/Et-PxX)

- -hv=A+(mUc2max /2) - - ,/u =,/2meIuI

. , , 2dsin=kx => d sin/k.

. f(,T)= r*(,T) v - =0,165H; =h/P=0,167 . .

- - mUc2max /2=hv-A=>mUc2ma / 2) -- -

, T2 T1 /2=0 => hvo=A => vo=A/h ra ~10 -10; r ~10 -15젠 -:

max 󠠠 vo . : . => -

. 0 : 1) - . .

3. (.)1) 2)- , -. 5. -

.. max 3) - .

. - 4) 5) 2) 堠 U l-

. 1 =. - U=0 0

= 1- .- 1 1<2 ; n1>n2 蠠 . - 0 l x<0, x>0; U=

1=2,90 10-3ʠ hv=Em-En , - .-

4. rmax*(,T)=C2T 3 C2=1,3 2 ⠠ : 2+(2mE/2)(-U)

10-5/35 > ,..- =0 2mE/2=k2 => +k2

: 3. ࠠ - =0 { 0-1

f(w,T) - 񠠠 : , {X<0, X>l => =0

-򠠠 (0)= (l)=0

. (x)=iAsin(kx+d), 堠 (0)=

: . .-( - = iAsind => d=0

f(w,T)=(w/422) /-. mUrn=n n=1,2,3. - (l)=iAsin(kl+d)

.. n -  ). K2=(2n2)/c2 => 2mE = 2n2

- ( Fy=FK ó mU2/r=eze /4 r2 f(V)= 2 l2

). => U= nmr =dp/dV=I(x,y,z,t)I2 = 2n22

. => . : - . 2m l2 -

, - rn=(2 4Eo /mze2)(n2)=r1 n 2 - .

, - r1=53,1젠 .

.

. 9.

: ():

U=0 U0 l ; 򠠠

l U0 hv /.

0 x

. En -

,

/ ()

hv Em .

.. hv hv

.E0 En -

, - -

. ().

I- :

=I/I .

6. /.

/.

, -

. . ,

..: -

U=-(Zl2)/4Eo r2 ,

-

.=>.. . .

.- .

. .. -

z ..-. .

̠ . .

0 蠠 -

-

. =_ z2me4 1 .

322022 n2 10.

.

: .

1) . n=1,2.. qP=c=1,60 10-12;

( . =1,612 10-27=1,00728...

=> ) 2) mn=1,675 10-27=1,00867...

l=0,1,2,3n-1 1...=1,66 10-27

..

=>

L=mUr

3)  L =,/I(I+1)

ml=+0;+1;+2+l ( - :

- N=A-Z => 178O: N=17-8=9

1)׸- (Z-,N-

- -) I=0 (I-)

). 2) -. -..

7. . I=1/2;3/2;5/2;7/2;9/2

3)-. I=1,2,3,4,5,

, -6,7

..

. =

=+ qL; =eLmp=5,05

-. 10-27/

(,

).

()

- ..

..

,

.

8.

/.

-810-12

2 .-

:

1)( )

-

-

.. -

.. min=hc/eU

2)(-

):

..

,

, -

.

/.

(,,,N,΅)

.

ࠠ , U=nmr ==(ze2/4- : ..

 

 

 

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