,,,
ࠠ , U=nmr ==(ze2/4- :
.. /n)=U1 /n U1=e2/4Eoh= 1) -
1. -. w=W=hv = =2 106/ 2)
. - h=6,625 10-34=1-=(1-ws) - =WK+Wp=(mU2/2)-(zee/4 r)
(>0) => => h/2=1,04 10-34 - . = mz2e4 _ ze2mze2
. .ࠠ =h/mec 162Eo22r22 44r2
-:1... ࠠ =2,426 10-12. = _ mz2e4 4)
( ) 2. f(w,T)=(w3 /42C2)(1/ew/Kt- - 3222r22 => 5)-
1) ( ) w/Kt . E =E1 /n2 E1==-13,6
-. - 4. ࠠ Š
- - ࠠ .
. . - 6) I2 .
- 蠠 ࠠ 3.
: 堠 :
r(w,T)= , . - hv=Em-En=(E1/m2)-(E1/n2) =>
. -. . : :
: =hv/c; P-; =F / v=(E1/h)(1/m2 1/n2) E1/h= 2
Rc=; Rc=(w,T)dw2. /S <= F=P /t = =R=3,29 10 25
ó r(T)= .-=dp/dt => P=dp/dts dp= ; v=(R/m2 R/n2)=
젠 =dp+ dp=2(hv/c)N+(1-p)( =T(m)-T(n) T=R/n2 - > Yy >
(w,T)=d /dS :1) hv/c)N=(hvN/c)(2p+1-p)=(1+p)( . Zz > Et >
1) =0 => => hvN/c) : -
, P=(1+p)hvN / cdts=(1+p)(W/cs :
2) 0 頠 2) dt)=(1+p)(Ec/c) - -
3) =0=> . ⠠
( - - =(1+)(W/csdt) cdt=l(- v=c/ 1/V=(R/c)(1/m2
- ) => -1/n2); R=R/c=1,097 107젠 -
). , .(- =(1+)(W/V)=(1+p)w -.
: 4.
1. : . - . -
, -
, 1. : ꠠ - . . .
.- -, -.
堠 . - ., -
. ( =--. .
. ). . , 2 .-
r1(w,T) = r2(w,T) = rn(w,T) 2. Max . - ࠠ 2. ..
a(w,T) a2(w,T) = an(w,T)= 젠 (-m)(2)+U=i
= r*(w,T) , - 1) - =h /=h/P ࠠ /t) i=1; U=U(x,y,z) -
a(w,T) = f(w,T) = r*(w,T) . :
.: -3. - 1. - .
. ࠠ
2. -: , .. min 蠠 1) -ࠠ , . .
Re*= 4 max * p=mU-
(=5,67 10-8 / . d Au W=mU2/2-- (U=0-
/24) ; -.. - ... ):
-. . I W=2/2m => mE/2) =>
Re=aTT 4; Re=aT(T 4-To4) - W=hv=hw . ; =>p=,/2mW==Ae( )(-i/Et-PxX)
- -hv=A+(mUc2max /2) - - ,/u =,/2meIuI
. , , 2dsin=kx => d sin/k.
. f(,T)= r*(,T) v - =0,165H; =h/P=0,167 . .
- - mUc2max /2=hv-A=>mUc2ma / 2) -- -
, T2 T1 /2=0 => hvo=A => vo=A/h ra ~10 -10; r ~10 -15젠 -:
max vo . : . => -
. 0 : 1) - . .
3. (.)1) 2)- , -. 5. -
.. max 3) - .
. - 4) 5) 2) 堠 U l-
. 1
=.
- U=0 0 = 1-
.- 1 1<2 ; n1>n2
蠠 .
- 0
l x<0, x>0; U= 1=2,90 10-3ʠ hv=Em-En , - .- 4. rmax*(,T)=C2T 3 C2=1,3 2 ⠠
: 2+(2mE/2)(-U) 10-5/35
>
,..- =0 2mE/2=k2 => +k2
: 3.
ࠠ - =0 { 0 f(w,T) -
:
, {X<0, X>l => =0 -
(0)= (l)=0
. (x)=iAsin(kx+d), 堠 (0)= : .
.-( - = iAsind => d=0 f(w,T)=(w/422) /-. mUrn=n n=1,2,3. - (l)=iAsin(kl+d) .. n - ). -
( Fy=FK ó mU2/r=eze
/4 r2 f(V)= 2 l2 ).
=> U= nmr
=dp/dV=I(x,y,z,t)I2 = 2n22
.
=> . : - . 2m l2 - , -
rn=(2 4Eo /mze2)(n2)=r1 n 2
- . ,
- r1=53,1젠 . .
. 9. : (): U=0 U0
l ; l
U0 hv /. 0 x . En
- ,
/ () hv Em . .. hv hv .E0
En
- , -
- . (). I-
: =I/I . 6. /. /. ,
- . . ,
..: - U=-(Zl2)/4Eo
r2 ,
- .=>..
. . .-
. . .. - z ..-.
. ̠ .
. 0
蠠 - - .
=_ z2me4 1 .
322022 n2 10.
. :
. 1)
. n=1,2.. qP=c=1,60 10-12; ( . =1,612 10-27=1,00728... => ) 2)
mn=1,675 10-27=1,00867... l=0,1,2,3n-1 1...=1,66 10-27 .. => L=mUr
3)
L =,/I(I+1) ml=+0;+1;+2+l ( - : - N=A-Z =>
178O: N=17-8=9 1)- (Z-,N- -
-) I=0 (I-) ). 2) -. -.. 7. . I=1/2;3/2;5/2;7/2;9/2 3)-. I=1,2,3,4,5, , -6,7 ..
.
= =+ qL; =eLmp=5,05 -. 10-27/ (, ). () - .. .. , . 8. /. -810-12 2 .- : 1)(
) - - .. - .. min=hc/eU 2)(- ): .. , ,
- . /. (,,,N,΅) .
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