,,,
- - .
, , ,
8
1.
1.1 , , - -
1.2 ,
1.3
2. -
2.1
2.2 -
2.3 - ()
2.4 - ()
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.5 ()
2.5.1
2.5.2
2.5.3
3. -
3.1
3.2 Visual C++, 6
, , ,
-
2
- . , . - .
, , , . , , ( , . .).
, ( , , . .). - , , .
, , , . . - - .
- - , , .
- . , , , ..
1.1 , , - -
, - - . , , - . - , (). - , , .
:
1. ;
2. ;
3. , .
1.2
, , , . , :
- , , ..
-
-
-
-
:
1) ();
2) ;
3) .
(, , ..) . .
- .
2. -
2.1
, () (, , ) , , , . , , , , , .
: ( ), ( ) ( ).
() . , (solid state).
. .
, , , 0,04 .
:
, , ;
, .
, , :
(npn pnp) ;
() .
, : (), ( ), (, ), , , , . , , , .
, , , "" ( "" ):
1. , , , ; ;
2. , , , ; ;
3. , , ; ; ;
4. , , , ;
5. n, p, , n (n) p (p);
6. , , n p, , .. ;
7. 2, , ; , pnp , , npn .
:
1) , (1, 5, 6, 7, , 7, ; 2, 4, 8, ; 3, , , , ..);
2) , , ;
3) , ; ( ), , ( );
4) .
. , , . : , , , , . , .
: 1553, 56133, 5647, 5658.
:
1. (), 4; 1.25 , , , , ; SOIC (small outline integrated cirquit, , ). , SO.
2.1 -
2. dip dual in line package, ( DIL, , , PDIP, plastic DIP), , 2; 2,5 , 900 , .
2.2 - DIP
3 (133, 136), 60 0C 125 0C, dip 5 (155,1531), 10 0C 70 0C.
, , :
SOIC small outline integrated circuit, SNDW
2.3 - SOIC small outline integrated circuit, SNDW
54 () , 74, () . : L, , ; H, , ; S, (Shottky); A, , Advance ( ""); F, Fast .
(CMOS) 40 (CD4011B).
2.2 -
, ; , - 2.743-91. - , . - : , ( 1). - , . 2.708.
2.4. -
( , ). - . - , - . .
2.3 - ()
. 1.
2.5. "2",
( ) . . "2".
"" . , "2", - "3", , "4", . "8".
, . 0.7 . . , , 2.
2.6 "2",
. , 2 , , . . , , , , . , . "".
, , . "" . 2.7.
2.7.
, 3, , . , , , .
3 555, 533, 1531, 1533. .
, VT1 "". 1 0. , "2-":
- 4, 1.
2.8. - "2-".
2.1. , "2-"
x1 | x2 | F |
0 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 0 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 0 |
. . 5.
2.9.
"" "" VT2 "" "", 3, . "2-" 6.
2.10. "2-"
"-" . 5551 "2-". , , 2, - 7.
2.11. - "2-"
2.2 , "2-"
x1 | x2 | F |
0 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 1 | 0 |
2.4 - ()
. "2". , ( ) ( ). 1.
2.12.
, - , . 155, 131, 155 531. "-" . , 5313 "2-". , , 1, - 2.
2.13 - "2-"
2.3. , "2-"
x1 | x2 | F |
0 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 0 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 0 |
. . 3.
2.14.
"" "" ( "") VT2 "" "", 8, . "2-". "2-2-" 4.
2.15. "2-2-"
, - "2-2-" 5. .
2.16. - "2-2-"
"-" . 15315 "2-".
, . , , . ! , , 1564 ( SN74HCT) 1594 ( SN74T).
2.4.1
- , , , . . 6.
2.17.
, . 7.
2.18.
2.4.2
, , . 155. - , +5. SN74. , . , SN74S00 "2-". SN54 ( - 133).
, SN74 134 ( - SN74L), 155 ( - SN74) 131 ( ). . S. 1 5. 555 ( - SN74LS) 531 ( - SN74S).
1533 ( - SN74ALS) 1531 ( - SN74F).
- SN74ALB
2.5 ()
n- p-. n- p-. , . . , . . - . 1.
2.19. ,
. , . . .
"-" "" , . , , . "2-", 2.
2.20 "2-",
, . , p- . . , , - .
2 , ( ) ( ). , p- . , 1, , , .
- 3, 1. 1 x1 x2, - F.
3. - "2-"
2.5 , "2-"
x1 | x2 | F |
0 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 0 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 0 |
"-", , . "2", , , , . p- . "2-", 4.
2.21. "2-",
"2-" p- . , .. ( ). , .
, , 2, - 5.
2.22. - "2-"
2.6 , "2-"
x1 | x2 | F |
0 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 1 | 0 |
. . 1561 ( C4000) (3..18). . , , .
2.5.1
. , , . , , . : .
, . . . 6.
2.23.
VD1 VD2 . VD1 , , . . . : , . .
VD3 VD4, ( ). .
- . . BICMOS.
2.5.2
. ( ) ( ). 2,8 (U=15) . ( 561) 7.
2.24
, . 30% . 8.
2.25
( 3).
2.5.3
, . 172. 176 . . 1561 . 90 3..15. , - C4000.
SN74HC. . 27 2..6. , , SN74HCT ( - 1564), .
. SN74ALVC 5,5 1,65..3,6. 2,5 . 9.
SN74AUC 1,9 0,8..2,7.
3. -
3.1
, , , . () .
- , , , , .
, , , , .
:
- ;
- -;
- , , , , ;
- -, -, ;
- , ;
- .
- -.
-. ( ), . . , . .
-. . : , . . , ( ), . . - SQL.
, , . , , .
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- SQL;
- ;
- .
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ( , , );
- .
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ( , ..).
, , . , ( , ). .
, . . , . .
Microsoft Access Oracle.
:
- , .. , , (, , ..), ;
- , ;
- , , ;
- .
.
, , , .
. , . , , .
, , .
, . , . , , , , .
, : . . , : , , .
, , , . , , , , .
:
- ( );
- , , , ;
- , ;
- , ;
- , .
, , , . .
. , . , , : , .
. , , .
, , , , , , . , . , , .
, . , , , , (), .
. .
. - , . ( ). . . , .
, , , , . , , ; , , ; .
: , , , , . : , , .
3.2 Visual C++, 6
-
-
-
-
-
ClassView
MFC
-
General
Debug
C/C++
Link
Resources
MIDL
Browse Info
Custom Build
VisualC++ Windows95, 98 NT . MicrosoftVisualC++ 6 : , .
VisualC++ ( ) , , Profiler, , MFC , . , , , . , , .
Win32, Windows95, 98 NT. :
- ( IntelHSense);
- OLEDB; ,
- ( ).
VisualC++ / Internet (intranet). , , , :
Microsoft Transaction Server;
, ;
SQL Editor;
SQL Debugger;
MFC ;
ADO Data-Bound Dialog Wizard;
Remote Automation;
Visual SourceSafe.
MicrosoftVisualC++ , Windows , AppleMacintosh. , , , , , .
, ClassWizard, OLE MFC . MicrosoftVisualC++ . , VisualC++. Microsoft CodeView VisualC++. Debug. , .
Windows, , , , , .. , . (, , , , ..). , ( ). , . RC . . , VisualC++. , , . , , . . , .
ActiveX Control Test Container , Microsoft, . . APITextViewer , Win32 API, VisualBasic . AVIEditor , AVI-. DataObjectViewer DataObjectViewer , ActiveX OLE, (drag-and-drop). DDESpy DDE-. DocFileViewer OLE-. ErrorLookup ErrorLookup . HeapWalkUtility , (). HelpWorkshop . OLE Client/Server, Tools View OLEViewer ActiveX OLE, . . OLE Client OLE Server OLE . TheProcessViewer . ROTViewer ActiveX OLE, . Spy++ , , . StressUtility , . (), GDI, . Stress , . , , . MFC Tracer AFX.INI. , . , Tracer . UUIDGenerator (UUID), . WinDiff . Zooming .
VisualC++ . . VisualBasic . VisualC++ , , , . , VisualC++. ClassView ClassView Java , C++.
-, MFC ALT, . . , :
- ;
- ;
- ;
- , ;
- ;
- ;
- .
DSW( MDP). : (DSP) (). DSP , . , Export Makefile Project. , Word. , VisualStudio. , VisualC++ _o_npocmpaca.DSW. , . VisualC++ , , - , . , . . , .
VisualC++ . , Microsoft . "" ; , , .
, , , , . , , .
VisualC++ , , . - . , /.
C++, VisualC++ . - . , , ; , .
Windows , . API-. , Microsoft MicrosoftFoundationClasses MFC . C++, . MFC Windows. , C++, , .
MFC Windows, . , , , , .
, MFC WindowsAPI. , , Windows. MFC .
- . MFC WindowsAPI, , , , , , GDI (GraphicsDeviceInterface ), , , , .
- MFC . Microsoft , MFC WindowsAPI. .
- . , MFC , , , WindowsAPI, .
- MFC . MFC Windows-. MFC . switch/case Windows , .
- MFC . , - .
- MFC . MFC , . MFC "outofmemory" ( ), .
- MFC . , . , . , , .
- MFC , . MFC , "" , WindowsAPI. MFC WindowsAPI. . , , MFC WindowsAPI. , , .
- MFC , MSDOS. MFC Windows. , / . Windows, MS-DOS.
MicrosoftVisualC++ . , . C++ , . , , switch, while for. VisualC++ . , Project Settings, C/C++ , , Optimizations Category.
MicrosoftVisualC++ , , , , . , , . , Project Settings.
General MFC ( MicrosoftFoundationClasses). , ( Intermediatefiles) ( Outputfiles) .
Debug Debug , , . , Category AdditionalDLLs, (DLL).
C/C++ : General, C++ Language, Code Generation, Customize, Listing Files, Optimizations, Precompiled Headers Preprocessor. ProjectOptions .
General ( Warninglevel), , ( Debuginfo), ( Optimizations) ( Preprocessordefinitions).
C++ Language ( Pointer-to-member representation), (Enable exception handling), (EnableRun-timeTypeInformation) (Disableconstructiondisplacements).
CodeGeneration , ( Processor), ( Callingconvention), ( Useruntimelibrary) ( Structmemberalignment).
Customize :
- Disablelanguageextensions ( ANSI, Microsoft);
- Enablefunction-levellinking ( , );
- Eliminateduplicatestrings( );
- Enableminimalrebuild( C++ );
- Enableincrementalcompilation( , );
- Suppressstartupbannerandinformationmessages( ).
ListingFiles ListingFiles , SBR ( Generatebrowseinfo), , , . , , , ( Listingfiletype Listingfilename).
Optimizations ( Optimizations). , ( Inlinefunctionexpansion).
PrecompiledHeaders , ( ). . , .
Preprocessor . ( Additional #include directories), Ignore standard include paths, , PATH INCLUDE.
Link : General, Customize, Debug, Input Output.
General Outputfilename . , . Object/librarymodules , . :
- Generatedebuginfo( );
- Linkincrementally( ; , Customize Useprogramdatabase);
- Enableprofiling( );
- Ignorealldefaultlibraries( , );
- Generatemapfile( - ).
- Customize
Customize :
- Linkincrementally( General);
- Useprogramdatabase( );
- Outputfilename( );
- Printingprogressmessages( );
- Suppressstartupbanner( Customize C/C++).
Debug , - , .
Input , .
Output (Baseaddress), (Entry-pointsymbol), , ( Stackallocations), ( Versioninformation).
Resources ( RES) , , .
MIDL . BrowseInfo BrowseInfo , , , .
CustomBuild , .
- - . . .
, . , , , , (), .
. .
, VisualC++ . VisualC++ ( ) , , Profiler, , MFC , .
1. ": . . 9 . / . .. . . 4. / .. , .. . .: . ., 1987.
2. .. " ". .: , 1991.
3. .. " ". ., 1979.
4. .. . - . " ", 1996 ., 192 .
5... , .. . . "-", ., 2001 ., 106 .
6. .. . . " ", 1989 ., 352 .
7. http://www.chertegey.net.ru
8. http://www.cosmos.rcnet.ru
9. http://www.lanit.ru
10. http://www.sapr.km.ru
11. .., .., .. : . . /: һ, 2002.
12. .. : . . . / .. , .. , .. ; . .. .- 2- ., . .: , 2003.
- - . , , ,
Copyright (c) 2024 Stud-Baza.ru , , , .