,,,
:
The removed access to a private network through the Internet
(Dubinin Igor)
__________________.
_____________________
___________________20__
________________________________
/ /
2003.
:
1.1 ..... 3
1.2 3
1.3 ? ... 4
1.4 VPN .... 6
1.5 VPN . 7
1.6 10
1.7 .. 11
1.8 ... 13
1.9 . 13
1.10 . 16
1.11 VPN ... 18
1.12 VPN . 19
1.13 VPN . 19
1.14 VPN Windows 2000 Server . 21
1.15 VPN Windows 2000 Server ... 24
1.16 ... 25
1.17 ... 26
1.1
, , . .
, , . , . . , .
VPN. .
VPN , , , . VPN IP . , IP , . , VPN .
1.2
(VPN), , VPN, VPN, , , , VPN Windows 2000 Server VPN.
1.3 ?
VPN , , . . , . ⠠ .
蠠 :
- ;
- ;
- 頠 ;
- .
. ,
,
.
( ),
.
ࠠ .
VPN
. ,
PPP.
PPP. ,
,
.
, .
,
.
VPN ,
.
. ,
PPP.
VPN
(IP, IPX, AppleTalk . .) PPP
.
IP ( ) ATM Frame Relay.
,
.
(, VTP) .
,
,
.
,
.
Simple Internet
Transition (SIT), IPv6.
(IETF) ,
(IPv4)
(IPv6). ,
. IPv6
IPv4 .
1.4 VPN
VPN CENTREX
. Centrex 60-
PBX (Private Branch Exchange).
,
PBX,
. Centrex ,
, , .
Centrex
,
CUG (Closed Users Group) ,
PBX.
Centrex
VPN - CUG,
. VPN (
)
, Centrex
CUG. PBX,
VPN,
.
1.5 VPN
VPN (Virtual Private Network ) . , , , VPN .
.2 VPN
VPN :
, , IP, VPN- .
IP- VPN- :
IP- :
1. VPN- . , . .
2. , .
3. , . , .
4. , , .
. VPN VPN-, , , .
VPN- , , . , .
VPN- ( ) IP-. , VPN, Express VPN Intel, Triple DES.
, VPN- , . , ; .
.3
, . , VPN- : .
, , VPN-. IP- , :
1.6
, VPN, .
Intrenet VPN, , . , -.
Client/Server VPN, ( ) . , VPN , , , , . , , . , , , . VLAN, .
Extranet VPN , , , .
Remote Access VPN, ( ) , ( ) notebook ( ). , , , VPN, , , VPN. .
1.7
,
. VPN ,
Isec. IPSec (Internet Protocol Security -
, , IETF - Internet
Engineering Task Force) -
(IP), .
Ipsec Ipsec
.
, , IP-.
, Ipsec,
" " - Security Association (SA).
,
, Ipsec
. : IP-
, , ,
, , 젠 .
PPTP (Point to Point Tunneling Protocol),
Microsoft, L2F (Layer 2 Forwarding), Cisco, -
. Microsoft Cisco IETF,
L2P2 (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol)
IPSec ,
.
,
.
, 100 ,
IP-. ,
, ,
. , ,
.
IT-
. ,
,
- .
(56-) ,
- 168-.
1.8
, , VPN . , , . " " ( ), ( ) .. , , VPN . . -, VPN , , . (, Web-) VPN- . -, . , 80% , , , . , .
1.9
, , , . VPN, , , VPN-. , , :
VPN-.
, , , .
, .
, VPN , VPN-. . VPN . , , 128 (Triple DES, 28147-89 ..). , DES, .
( 10 /). () , .
, VPN-. , . 25 . ( ) IP-. 50-100 . 64 /.
25 ( 16 , 8 , 1 ). IP- 24 ( IP-). Frame Relay LMI 10 FR-. 59 (472 ). , 750 10 (75 ) 75×472 = 34,5 /, 64 /. , VPN. SKIP.
59 112 ( 28148-89), 171 (1368 ). 75×1368 = 102,6 /, 60% .
IPSec 6% (67,8 /). , 28147-89 54 . , - -ʻ, , , 36 ( 26 ), (57 51 / ). , , , , .
1.10
VPN
(Point-to-Point Tunnelling Protocol PPTP).
3Com Microsoft
. PPTP
TCP/IP
.
.
NT-
- .
,
.
(
)
Windows NT Server.
,
. NT, DHCP, WINS
Network Neighborhood,
.
,
Windows,
. ,
ISDN NT.
,
.
,
(Layer 2
Tunneling Protocol L2TP).
PPTP L2F (Layer 2 Forwarding
) . ,
VPN, ,
頠 .
L2TP
PPTP 젠 :
1.
-.
PPP, ,
.
2.
.
PPP- 頠 .
3.
.
PPP ,
. (
,
.)
,
.
.
1.11 VPN
VPN
,
,
, . VPN
蠠 .
堠 VPN:
1.
,
堠 ;
2. VPN
, , -
;
3. ,
VPN 堠 ;
4.
頠 ;
5.
-.
1.12 VPN
.
Frame relay , 5-10,
20 . ,
VPN, , , ,
, . 95%
,
젠 .
, VPN
,
, firewall,
.
.
, ,
.
-
VPN. ,
VPN. -
Indus River Networks Inc., MCI WorldCom Novell.
Forester Research, VPN
, -,
- .
1.13 VPN
VPN
,
,
, IP. VPN
, 蠠
.
, VPN ,
.
, VPN. ,
VPN.
, IpV6,
.
VPN, ,
.
IpV6- , ,
.
, , Cisco Systems, Cabletron Systems,
3Com, Bay Networks, HCL Comnet, VPN.
, VPN.
VPN
- . AT&T Level
3 Communications, MCI Worldcom Sprint IP-
- , . VPN
,
, Unisource (AT&T, Telia, PTT Suisse PTT Netherlands), Concert
(BT/MCI) Global One (Deutsche Telekom, France Telekom).
VPN-,
, , , .
,
. , ,
,
. VPN
.
, .
1.14 VPN Windows 2000 Server
VPN Windows 2000 Server . VPN . Routing and Remote Access (RRAS) , :
. , VPN . Server Status - Add Server. . This computer ( ) OK.
"Configure and Enable Routing and Remote Access" ( ).
"Configure and Enable Routing and Remote Access" ( ), RRAS.
, , , ( ).
:
Internet connection server
Remote access server
Virtual private network (VPN) server
Network router
Manually configured server
Virtual private network (VPN) server ( VPN).
VPN , , TCP/IP.
, . VPN, , , IP .
, , IP , IP , , IP VPN , IP 192.168.0.10 192.168.0.30.
, IP Next.
VPN , , , .
, , Manage(). Local Users and Groups( ).
, Users ; New User ( ). , User cannot change password( ), . VPN, test.
. "Member Of( )" "Add()".
. Users. , , Users.
"Dial-in( )" . "Remote Access Permission(Dial-in or VPN)( (VPN ))" "Allow access( )".
VPN , , IP , .
1.15 VPN Windows 2000 Server
VPN Windows98, WindowsMe,
Windows 2000 Windows 2000 Server , VPN Windows 2000 Server.
.
.
, , .
. .
.
IP- VPN 157.54.0.1 :
,
, , VPN
, ,
.
,
.
( ) , , VPN.
VPN .
VPN .
, , ,
(CHAP) .
. : (TCP/IP) OK.
VPN, .
1.16
VPN. VPN . VPN , , , . VPN , VPN . , , . VPN .
1.17
1. www.bugtraq.ru
2. . VPN. PCWEEK/RE,
2, 26 1999.
3. . VPN . LAN/ .
1998, 4, 10.
4. . . ,
3 (25), 1998.
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