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1.

1.1

1.2

1.3

2.

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.4.1 .

2.4.2


0.1 1.5 .

. .

.

, .


() . . .

, . 1950- . ( ). 1985 (). (), 34 .

, . , .

. , , . ( ) [1], , . , () , . , : , . , .

, , , .

. .

. Cr, Cu c 1 3 Ne 100 [2], , .

, , (" ")[3]. (10 ¸ 103 ), , . 2∙1015/2, , ,

D~ (1021 1022) /2. (1.1)


[4], , , .

( ) , -2.


1.

, , . . , , , . , . (Cu) (SS) .

1.1

[7], , 20 , . (R) , ; (h) . .


(0.1 1.5 ). 1.5 , , 0.65 ( ). . 2.1. , . , , 1.5 , 40% 1.5 . , , (0.1 1.5 ), 25%. , 0.65 : 15%. , , 1.5 , , . , . , . . 2.1 , , . , -, , .

1.2 (SS)

R(h) () SS [8] (.2.2). : -300 , -650 , -1500 (W.S.).

, [9] , . , SS , Cu , .

[10] (SEM), , , . Cu, SS . , , 4.5 . , .

, , . . , 300 400 . ,

1.3

, . , .

[11] :

1)  Liquidmetal Technology Corporation (LTC)

2)  , (ISSPMT)

3)  Hahn-Meitner-Institute (HMI) .

. : ne≈1010 -3 Te ≤5 . , . 1-2 % . SEM . 2.3, , . .


. , . keV, , .

. 2.4 [12]. , . , . , - . ISSPMT . , , - - .

, , , .


2.

2.1

, (0,1-1,5) .

, , . 3.1:

, (3.1)

r S .

j (/2) , Di:

Di = Ni×t , (3.2)

Ni . , t .

, m(t), h Di.

, , () , , :

(3.3)


2.2

, , -2 [13].

-2 , .

. 3.1, 3.2 .


. 3.2

, , 0,5 0,5 . . , () 0,5 2,25 .

, - , , ז "", ( -571, 2,375 ). (200¸2500) . - (), - 200 - 400 . ne~ 1010 -3, e 5 . . , , , "" .

-500 -250, . 2×10-6 , (7¸8)×10-5 . () , (4¸5)×10-6 , 5¸6%. -2.

-2, 10-7 .

210-5¸10-3 . .3.3 ne Te . , . (7¸8)10-5 , .


.3.4 "". , 10% ~10 , , .

-2 : (0,1-1,5 ) , . () , , , , .

.3.5 . , . .


.3.6. ó . , .


2.3

, -2, , , ().

() (), Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5.

. 3.7 . , - , "", . : , .

, , , . , .

(3.8).

.3.9 . Ar 1 , . 1 , , - . , 60 . , - , - Ar.

. 1 ( 60 , j=2.09A/2) ( -3; -3) .

.1

,

1024 /2

,
-3 -3
1 60 0.47 30 40
2 360 2.82 620 -20 ( )
3 660 5.17 920 640
4 960 7.52 820 (. 3.9)
5 1160 9.09 325 -
6 1460 11.45 825 -
7 1760 13.80 870 -

. 3.10 , , , . 13.81024 \2 .


.3.11. , , .

, , , , .

, , , .

2.4

2.4.1 .

. , 3-4 -1. ~ 10-5 . , , , . (2-3)´10-6 , -, . -1. , . (7-8) ´ 10-6 .

. : ( 60 ) (1 ). . . -2 20 . Δm.

, . .

m0: m0(Cu) = 8,507205, m0(SS) = 6.481005. j=6.3∙1015/2 1 30 . Δm.

Δm(u) = 845∙10-6 , Δm(SS) = 270∙10-6 .

, , . :


Di = Ni´t = j (/2)´6,25´1018 (e/.)´t () (3.4)

Ni = 0.26∙1018 (/2 ).

Di = 3.12∙1020 (/ 2 )

.

(./2) (3.5)

Dm , m .

:

(u) = 0.15∙1021 (/2),

(SS) = 0.34∙1020 (/2) (3.5)

:

(3.6)

Y(Cu) = 0.4, Y(SS) = 0.1.

.

. 2.


.2 Cu SS

Cu SS

Di = 3.12∙1020(/2)

Di = 3.12∙1020(/2)

Δm = 845∙10-6

Δm = 270∙10-6

Y = 0.4 Y = 0.1

2.4.2

, , .

, . : ?

, , . , , ( 4 [.1], ), - . , , , , . , , , Ti Zr.

, .

, .

.

:

j=5.03∙1015 /2, -60 . 60 . , Δm= 55∙10-6 .

Ni = 0.41∙1018(/ 2 )

(3.4)

Di = 1,49∙1020(/ 2 ) (3.4)

.

= 1.6∙1018 (/2) (3.5)

Y = 0.01

:

) U = -1500

j=8.04∙1015 /2, -1 . 30 . , Δm= 480∙10-6 .

Ni = 0.47∙1018(/ 2 )

(3.4)

Di = 1∙1021(/ 2 ) (3.4)

.

= 0.8∙1019 (/2) (3.5)

Y = 0.04

) <U> = -650

j=8.04∙1015 /2, <U> = -650 . 30 . , Δm= 375∙10-6 .

Ni = 0.47∙1018(/ 2 )

(3.4)

Di = 0.8∙1021(/ 2 ) (3.4)

.

= 0.64∙1019 (/2) (3.5)

Y = 0.032

, , , , .

. 3.

.3

U = -60 U = -1500 <U> = -650

Di = 1,49∙1020 (/2)

Di = 1∙1021 (/2 )

Di = 0.8∙1021 (/2 )

Δm= 55∙10-6

Δm= 480∙10-6

Δm= 375∙10-6

Y = 0.01 Y = 0.04 Y = 0.032

, , , , Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5. , : , ( ). , , , , , - .


1.  Nuclear Fusion 49 (2009)/ Progress in research and development of mirrors for ITER diagnostics.

2.  V.S. Voitsenya et. al./ Simulation of radiation effects on reflectors using heavy ion beams/ Journal of Nuclear Materials1994. 212-215. P. 443

3.  H. Verbeek, J. Stober, D.P. Coster, W. Eckstein, R. Schneider/ interaction of charge exchange neutrals with the main chamber walls of plasma machines.

4.  V.S. Voitsenya et.al./ Imitation of fusion reactor environment effects on optical properties of metallic mirrors/ 7th Int. Conf. on Fusion Reactor materials, Obninsk, Russia, September 1995.

5.  V.S. Voitsenya et.al./ Overview metal mirrors prospects in Fusion Reactors/ Plasma Physics Reports Vol. 20 2 (1994).

6.  V.S. Voitsenya et. al./ On the choice of material for the first mirrors of fusion reactor plasma diagnostics/ Plasma Devices and Operations, 1999, Vol. 7, pp. 243-254.

7.  V.S. Voitsenya et. al./ Ion energy distribution effects on degradation of optical properties of ion-bombardment copper mirrors/ Surface and Coating Technology 103 104 (1998) 365 369.

8.  V.S. Voitsenya et.a./ Erosion of steel under bombardment with ions of a deuterium plasma/ Vacuum 58 (2000) 10 15.

9.  V.S. Voitsenya et. al./ Erosion of steel under bombardment with ions of a deuterium plasma/ Vacuum 58 (2000) 10-15.

10.  V.S. Voitsenya et. al./ On the choice of material for the first mirrors of fusion reactor plasma diagnostics/ Journal of Nuclear Materials 258-263 (1998) 1919-1923.

11.  V.S. Voitsenya et.al. Behavior of amorphous metal alloy mirrors under ion bombardment.

12.  V.S. Voitsenya et. al./ Modification of optical characteristics of metallic amorphous mirrors under ion bombardment/ Plasma devices and operations Vol. 17, No. 2, June 2009, 144-154

13.  .. , .. ./ / " " 13-15 1994.

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