. , , ,

,,,

5



:

11


:


, 2004


.


. .


. .


. .


V. .


V. .


.


. - , 4 . 4 (. 1) - , (), () ( 2) [1,2].



. 1 . . 2 .


, , . . , (3), .. . . , ( 4).







. 3 . 4

, .


, , . (, ) ( ). ( ) (, ). , , -.


.



: , . .


. .


I. .

:

-

S= S1 SABC= S

SOBC= S2 SOAC= S3

:

D

S=S1+S2+S3

.

AD- , , D- AD , OD , .. AD ( ). SABC= 1/2 BCAD

SOBC=1/2 BCOD

SOAB =1/2 OAOB

SOAC=1/2OAOC

S OBC+S OAB +S AOC= 1/4(BCOD+OAOB+OAOC)=

=1/4(BCOD+OA(OB+OC))=1/4(BCOD+OABC), ..

²+Ѳ=Ѳ ( )

SOBC+SOAB+SOAC=1/4 BC(OD+OA)=1/4 BCAD , ..

OD+OA=AD ( )

.. SOBC+SOAB+SOAC=SABC

S1+S2+S3=S, .


II. .


:

-

, b , - .

, -

: b

²+Ѳ+Ѳ=2( + b +)

.

² = + b

Ѳ = b + ( )

Ѳ = +


² + Ѳ + Ѳ =2 + 2 b +2 , .


III. 1/6 .


:

-

, b , - .

: b


V=(1/6) b

.

,


V=(1/3 )S h


, , .. , ..


V=(1/3) SOBC , ..SOBC=(1/2) b .


V=(1/6) b , .


  1. :


_______________

h = (a۰b۰c)/√ab + bc + ac


a, b, c


:

-

= , = b, =

= h

h

:b


____________

h = (abc) / √ab+bc+ac


.

:


V = (1/3)Sh

C : V = (1/6)abc ( 3 ).

,

h = (abc) / (2S)

:

___________________

S = √ + S + S

____________

.. S = (1/2)√ab+bc+ac


,

____________

h = (abc) / √ab+bc+ac , .


  1. :


____________

cos α = h / a= (bc) / √ab+bc+ac

____________

os β = h / b = (ac) / √ab+bc+ac

____________

cos γ = h / c= (ab) / √ab+bc+ac


a, b, c ;

α

β b

γ .


h

:

- .

= , = b, = -

= h

:

____________

cos α = (bc) / √ab +bc +ach

____________

cos β = (ac) / √ab +bc +acαb

____________ β

cos γ = (ab) / √ab +bc +ac γ

.


cos α = / = h/a

____________

h = (abc) / √ab+bc+ac

____________

cos α = (bc)/√ab+bc+ac , .


:

____________

cos β = / = d/b = (ac)/√ab+bc+ac

____________

cos γ = / = d/c = (ab)/√ab+bc+ac


  1. , , :


________

R = ( ) √a+b+c


a, b, c



L

:

-

= , = b, =

R ,

.

:

_______

R = (1/2)√a+b+cb

.

. , .. ..:

_______ _____ ________

= D = √a+b+c ( = √b+c , = , = √Ѳ+ʲ )


, :

_______

R = (1/2)D = (1/2)√a+b+c,

.


VII. , , :

abc

r = ____________ ,

ab+bc+ac + ab + bc + ac


a, b, c - .


: -


= , = b, = . 1

r -

:

r = h / (1 + cosα + cosβ + cosγ)


: . 1 1 = r.

_ _

do - , .. |d| = 1


(cos α; cos β; cos γ) .

__

1 (r; r; r) :

___ __

= |1|cosδ , δ 1 .


___ __ _ __ _

|OO1|cosδ = (OO1do) = rcosα + rcosβ + rcosγ , (1d) .

= h,


h = OK + KH, ..


h = |OO1|cosδ + r, .. = r


( 1 ).


h = r cosα + r cosβ + r cosγ + r

..

r = h / (1 + cosα + cosβ + cosγ)


4- 5- :


____________

(abc)/√ab+bc+acabc

r = ____________ = ____________ ,

1 + (bc + ac + ab) / √ab+bc+acab+bc+ac + ab + bc + ac


  1. .


:

-

= = =


,

___

√1/3


.

:

_________ __

= √ +OC = √2

_________ __

= √ +OB = √2

_________ __

= √ ² + Ѳ = √2


.. , .

. . ,

:

_ _ _ ___

= (√3/2) = (√3/2)√2 = √3/2


, . :

_

= /√2


: __

os _ = / = 1/√3 , .


: 8 . , .

, , .


V.


. .

: 96 (.131) : .., .., ... .-.: , 1979.

b, . .



:

- ,

H

b

= , .

: b


S .


1) :


S . = S + S + S + S


S = (1/2); S = (1/2)b; S = (1/2)b;


:

______ ________

= √ +b ; = √ IJ +Ͳ , .

_ , :

______

/ b = / = (b)/ = (b)/ √ +b


, _______________ ________________________

= √ (b)/( +b) + Ͳ = √[(b) +(bH) + (H)]/( +b)

_________________

S= (1/2) √ (b) +(bH) + (H)

_________________

C, S .= (1/2) [√ (b) +(bH) + (H) + + b + b]


2) :


S .= S + S + S + S


S = (1/2); S = (1/2)b; S = (1/2)b;

___________________ _________________

S= √ S + S + S = (1/2)√ (b) +(bH) + (H)

_________________

C, S .= (1/2)(√ (b) +(bH) + (H) + + b + b)


280 (.76) : .., .., .. . .-.: , 1994.

. ,


L

:

LM -

= , = b, =


Δ , -

.

:

S

1) :

:

______ __

= = = √ + = √2


:

_ _ _

S= (√3/4)()2 , .. S= (√3/4)(22) = (√3/2)2


2) :


S = S = S = (1/2)2 ( );

___________________

S= √ S + S + S


_________ _

C, S= (1/2) √ + + = (√3/2)2


V. :

  1. ... . . 6-, , .-., 1952.

  2. ... . , .1 2.- .: 1951.

  3. .., .., .. . . .-.: , 1994.



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