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TOC o "1-3" h z . PAGEREF _Toc515300949 h 2

. PAGEREF _Toc515300950 h 2

. PAGEREF _Toc515300951 h 3

 

. PAGEREF _Toc515300952 h 7

. PAGEREF _Toc515300953 h 7

 

, . PAGEREF _Toc515300954 h 10

. PAGEREF _Toc515300955 h 10

. PAGEREF _Toc515300956 h 11

. PAGEREF _Toc515300957 h 12

 

. PAGEREF _Toc515300958 h 13

. PAGEREF _Toc515300959 h 13

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300960 h 14

 

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300961 h 15

() PAGEREF _Toc515300962 h 16

() PAGEREF _Toc515300963 h 16

. PAGEREF _Toc515300964 h 16

. PAGEREF _Toc515300965 h 17

 

. PAGEREF _Toc515300966 h 17

. PAGEREF _Toc515300967 h 18

, . PAGEREF _Toc515300968 h 19

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300969 h 22

. PAGEREF _Toc515300970 h 22

. PAGEREF _Toc515300971 h 23

 

. PAGEREF _Toc515300972 h 24

 

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300973 h 26

. PAGEREF _Toc515300974 h 27

 

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300975 h 28

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300976 h 28

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300977 h 29

.. PAGEREF _Toc515300978 h 30

. PAGEREF _Toc515300979 h 32

.

, , . , , , , . , - , 70 , . , ! . , . , , , , , . , , , , , .

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.

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                                                                                         1990 . , ;

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1991 1996 . , . , . , , . , , .

, , . , , . .

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, , , .

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.

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1980 .

1982 .

.

.

.

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. . 1982 . 100,6 . ., 28,5% . 1970 . 2 . , , .

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. 9% . . : ; ; , , , ; , . .

.

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1970 .

1980 .

1982 .

.

.

.

154,6

294,6

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.

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2001 1) , 2) , 3) , 4) , 5) .

2001 1) , 2) , 3) , 4) , 5) .

, . (, , , .); ; ; , ; , , .

2000 1) , 2) , 3) , 4) 5)

2001 1) , 2) , 3) ⠠

5 :

1992.

1993.

1994.

1995.

1996.

1997.

1998.

1999.

2000.

2001.

..

5328

49730

172380

4370072

5585322

689751[1]

356,8[2]

473,6

675

1193

.

5970

57674

230385

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652720

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478,4

575,1

855

1193

, 1992 . 2001 . , . 1999-1997. .

, . , , . , , , . 1988 . , , 63,4 . 13,8% . , 1951 1990.

. : 1992 . 26.1 , 3-4 . , . . , , , . , 3% , 1999 . ( 1,5 2% ). , 2001 , .

. , , . . 1985 . 26 ., 1998. 52,4 .., 2001 150 .. .

2001. , . , , .

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31.07.89 151- л, 2 1990. . , . , . , . :

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1842 . . 1922. 26 . 1988 . . 1990 . . . : , ; ; . , (VISA, EUROPAY); ; ; ; .

1990. , . , . 22 . 96,8% .

: ;, ; ; ; . , VISA, , , . : , , .

.

1924 л. , , - ¼ . , , , . 1960 . 1890. 0,5 . 90 .. 1800 . , , , , . .

80- , .. 60 , , . 20- , : , . 1988 . , , . . 1993 . , , Ի.

, . 1985 . 26 ., 1998. 52,4 .., 2001 150 .. . 1998 , 17 .. .

, , . , , , , . .

, . , . , , , . . , .

, 60 , . 17 1998 , , -λ, , -, .

, . 1988 . 2 1990 л. , . , . , , . . , : , ; , ; - , --, .

, , . , , , , , , .

.

. , . 90- . , .. , . 90- . . :

( ) . 1992. 10%, .

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, .

, . , , .. , . 400 .. 1991 . 18 .. 1992 . . , . , . , : , , , .

1992 (), , , . , . 10 . 2 1992. 1 1992., . , , . , , , . .

, . :

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, () . ( ) . . , ( ) .

. , , . . . , .

. .

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, ( ) , .

. , , 50% .

, . . 6% . , , .

, 2- . , . 8% .

, , , .

, 1992 . , ( ). , .

( : .) ( : , , , ). .

(31,9% 2001.) . , , (15, 7% 2001.). , , 11,2% 2001 . 25-45% .

, , . , , , , . , ; , , , .

. ( , ) 91% . , .. , 9%. , , . , , , . , .

, .

. , , . , . , .

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, , , , . , , , .

.

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- . , . , . , , . , , . , , . .

. , , .. , .

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, , , 5% 6%.

. , . , , . , , .. , (). , , .

, , , . , 27 1992 .

(, : , , .) (, , , ).

. , . , , , . , , , , . , . , .

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, . . - , .

, . . . , . , , . , , , , . ( ) .

, , - . . . . , .

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, . , , , , , , , , . , , . , . , 1990. , . 2001 , .

. , . , , . . . , , .

. . , .

, . . 2 : . , , , , . , , , . .

. . , , 70 , . , .

.

  1. .. . , . , , 1997 ., 477.

  1. . . , ., ., 1998. 347.

  1. ,., . 1990, 347.

  1. .. . : , , ., ., , 1999 . 228.

  1. ., .,1991 . .171.

  1. .. , , 1999 .

  1. , 23 . 1998 .

  1. .. . , 1999 . 345



[1] C

[2]

. TOC o "1-3" h z . PAGEREF _Toc515300949 h 2 . PAGEREF _Toc515300950 h 2 . PAGEREF _Toc515300951 h 3 . PA

 

 

 

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. , :