,,,
:
:
III 234
:
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.., ..., .
: .
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6
頠 8
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() 1960- , . [8]. , . (CGIS).
, , , . , . , . , .
( ) () , , . , , , . , / , . . .
() , , . . , . ( ) ( ., 2000). : , (.1).
.1. .
, .. (, , , ), , .. ( , , ). () , , , . (), . , . , ( , 1988).
, , , . . , , . , , , , .
, . ( ), ( -1 -1) ( -Ի) [9]. , , :
, ;
, ;
;
, ;
: .
:
1. - , ;
2. LANDSAT ASTER ;
3. 1998-2000 .
4. , 2004 .
, , , -, ( ) . 100-150 , 242 . , , , : , , . , , , .
. , . , ( -16 - -20 -) ( +8 +12); , . 450 250 . , , , . 30 % . , , , , . , 37 72 . , . 48 /. 60 . () 500 . -5 -2 ; .
+5 95 110 , 72 94 . 400 1100 .
, , , - . , , , , , . , . , - , , , , . .
, , . - , .
- , . (, , .) (, .) ( , 1985; , 2001; , 1988).
, . , - ; . , : , . .
. , , . , - (), .
, ( ), ( ) (.1).
. 1. (1) . , landsat ETM+
ASTER (6.18.2001, 16_009) landsat ETM+ 1995 2001 . Landsat .1.
1. landsat ETM+.
Path_row | ||
1 | 173_12 | 2.08.1987 |
2 | 170_12 | 11.07.1988 |
3 | 172_13 | 02.08.1988 |
4 | 171_13 | 03.08.1988 |
5 | 171_13 | 01.06.2000 |
6 | 171_13 | 19.07.2000 |
Aster - (advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflector Radiometer). Terra, 1999 . ASTER , , , . , (Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry METI). , TERRA, ASTER . , , ( ) , 6060 .
Landsat7 ( Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space) 10. 00 . 15 1999 . 5 . Landsat ( 1972.). Landsat-7 : NASA, NOAA USGS, . ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus), 30 , 60 15 185 . :
: 705 ;
: 16 .;
: 98.2 .
ETM+ NASA Hughes Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. TM (Thematic Mapper), Landsat. :
(15)
-
5%
, . . 2.
2. ASTER ETM+.
, | , | , | ||
ASTER | 1 | 15 | 0.51 - 0.60 | 60 |
2 | 15 | 0.63 - 0.69 | ||
3 | 15 | 0.76 - 0.86 | ||
15 | 0.76 - 0.86 | |||
4 | 30 | 1.60 - 1.70 | ||
5 | 30 | 2.145 - 2.185 | ||
6 | 30 | 2.185 - 2.225 | ||
7 | 30 | 2.235 - 2.285 | ||
8 | 30 | 2.295 - 2.365 | ||
9 | 30 | 2.360 - 2.430 | ||
10 | 90 | 8.125 - 8.475 | ||
11 | 90 | 8.475 - 8.825 | ||
12 | 90 | 8.925 - 9.275 | ||
13 | 90 | 10.25 - 10.95 | ||
14 | 90 | 10.95 - 11.65 | ||
ETM+ | 1 | 30 | 0.45 - 0.515 | 185 |
2 | 30 | 0.525 - 0.605 | ||
3 | 30 | 0.63 - 0.690 | ||
4 | 30 | 0.75 - 0.90 | ||
5 | 30 | 1.55 - 1.75 | ||
6 | 60 | 10.40 - 12.5 | ||
7 | 30 | 2.09 - 2.35 | ||
8 | 15 | 0.52 - 0.90 (.) |
(Salix lanata, S.phylicifolia), (Betula nana) , -- - .
Landsat (TM ETM) 1987, 1988 2000 ., . Tasseled Cap (TC) Erdas Imagine 8.5. (.2), :
= TC 1 2000 . TC 1 1987 .
= TC 2 2000 . TC 2 1987 .
= TC 3 2000 . TC 3 1987 .
.2.
1987 2000 .
1987, 1988, 2000 . , , . 1987 2000 , , (1987 .), () . (, , 1992).
(ArcVew 3.2, UTM, 40), . , , , (.3).
ࠠ
. 3. (1:100 000), 1987 . () 2000 . (). (1:1 000 000), , ,
.
, , . , :
- ;
- .
(, , 1984; , , 1987; 1992). 0.47 /2 (, , ), - . . - ǖ71 - . , . . . . . , , . 1 (, 1999). , . () , .
. . , , . . : , , 1012 (, 1992).
. , , . .. (1989) 925% , . .
-, , ( ). . , , , . , , , .
-, -. , 2540%. .
-, , (. 3).
( 4).
3. ( .., 1989)
() | |||||
2000 | 2001-3000 | 3001-4000 | 4000 | ||
1.38 | 1.14 | 0.53 | 0.43 | 0.83 | |
1.07 | 0.91 | - | 0.79 | 0.89 | |
0.67 | 1.16 | 0.66 | 0.67 | 0.88 | |
0.50 | 0.64 | - | 0.44 | 0.56 |
4.
1987 . | 1988 . | 2000 . | |
( . , ): | 5 | 5 | 14 |
(): | 57.7 | 56.7 | 137.6 |
: 1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 25.1 |
2 | 11.4 | 10.1 | 7.5 |
3 | 20.2 | 20.1 | 11.6 |
4 | 11.4 | 13.7 | 7.6 |
5 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 10.6 |
: | - | - | 75.2 |
(, ) (/ , ): | 10/17.7 | 10/17.3 | 26/65.8 |
30 | 1/3.1 | 1/3.0 | 7/16.4 |
60 | 4/5.4 | 4/5.0 | 12/27.3 |
100 | 5/9.2 | 5/9.2 | 7/22.1 |
, (): | 133.9 | 131.7 | 434.2 |
(): | 191.6 | 188.4 | 571.8 |
, 2000 : , , (, ) . , 1987, 1988 2000 ., . 19872000 . 2, 3, 4, , , . .
:
1. 1:25 000, 1:100 000 .
2. , , , , .
3. ( ) 2004.
1. .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .. . , 2000. . 1518.
2. . .: , 1985 . 204 .
3. : 30- . .3. .: , .., .., .. ., 1988.
4. . . ... 3 ., 1970. 640 .
5. .. // . 104., 1989. C.617.
6. .., .. // . , . . . 2. , 1984. . 1922.
7. .. . , 1999. .38.
8. 1: www.gasu.ru, cnit.pgu.serpukhov.su, www.iworld.ru.
9. 2 www.rosaviakosmos.ru.
10. . . .: +, 2001. 304 .
11. .., .. // . 1997. 4. . 256262.
12. .., .. . : i, 1986. . 3334.
13. .. ( ) // . , 1988. , 73. 11. C. I5771583.
14. .. - // . . , 1992. . 299. 20 .
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