,,,
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
2
2.1
2.2
2.3 - Bioshell
2.4
2.5
2.6 ()
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
3 ,
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1 ,
4.2
4.3
5
5.1
5.2 ,
5.3 ,
5.4
5.5
6
6.1 , ( )
6.2 ,
GPX () -
-
- -
-
- -
-
- . - [1].
. - . [2].
.. , , [3]. .. .. [4]. [2].
GPX. , [5, 6, 7].
, . , , .
: .
:
1. , .
2. :
- ;
- ;
- .
3. .
4. .
5. , .
, . . : . , , , , .
, . . . .
, . , 2 . , 1 . , . .
4. , , , , .
1
1.1
. , , . , 2% , 20-25% . . , (), , , .. , . , [8, 9, 10, 11, 12].
. , , . ( ) ( , ..). 4 : , , [13, 14, 15].
. .
, [15, 16, 17, 18]. , . , . [19, 20].
. , , [9]. . , , [21, 22, 23, 24].
. . , . . [25].
, - . [26, 27, 28, 29] . , . [30] . [31]. (, , ), [32].
[33] . [34]. .. [13, 26, 35, 36, 37].
(). .
, ( , , ), . . [38, 39].
. + ( +- ). , ( 100-500 ). , 2+-, 2+ , .
, . , - . 5 : , , , , . 2 [40, 41].
. , , , . , , - (). (Na+ l-) . , , - G-, , Ca2+ - + - , ( ) . : ( ), , .
. . , . . , , , , , , , . . , . , Ca2+ ( ) [1, 41].
(), N- . , .
- (). , ( ), Cl-. -
. , . [36, 37, 38, 38, 40, 42, 43].
, -, . - 3 , , + - 2+. - ( N-) . . . .
. . , [38, 41, 43].
3 , . 1- 2+ , , , [43, 44, 45].
: () . , . - . , . , [38].
2+ ( α1-) ( β-). , , .
α2- 2+ , . , α2- . , . .
: , . , , , , , . , . [39].
, . (NO), , NMDA-, d-, , NMDA- [36, 37, 38, 38, 40, 44, 45, 46].
,
( - ). [26, 36].
. - , , . - , , , , , , , .
, , . 2 [27, 32, 47].
2 , + 2. 2 . , 2 . 2 +, . , , . , - . 2 , 2. , [44, 48, 49], , .
, 2 [29, 45, 46]. 2 [21, 24, 47]. , [48, 49, 50, 51, 52]. [53, 54].
2. , [55, 11, 44, 18]. , , [48, 56].
[53, 57].
+ + [58, 44, 53, 59, 60]. [44] , 2+ , 2+ . 2+ , . 2+ : , [61].
, , [25, 62, 63]. , [64], [65, 66].
.
, . [67], . . , .
, 2 : 1 , , ; 2 , [68]. . [69].
, [22, 70, 71, 72, 73]. [11, 23, 56, 74] - . [11, 75, 76, 77]. b- [73, 78]. a- b- . , [11, 21]. - . , , [11, 79].
20% 25% . , , , . , 1-3 , 4-6 . 4-6 . . , , . , , , . 4-6 (, , ). , 65 .. [80]
1.2
. , , , , , . , , .
4 , . , , , . , , [81, 82, 83].
, .
. , , , [83].
, , (GPX) 115-120 /, 120 /, , 50 /. 62 / , 145 / [81, 84, 85].
. [86].
(). , , , , [87, 88].
, , -, - , [89]. 12 , [90].
- GPX1 (cCPX) , - , .
- GPX2 (CPX-I)
- GPX3 (CPX) GPX GPX , , , , CPX , cCPX, .
- GPX4 (CPX) , , , . , , , [91].
- ID 3 , . , , . , 2 [87].
- ID1 , . , , .
- ID2
- ID3 , , , . [92].
- TR NADPH .
- SPS2 , - .
- SelP , . . .
- W (SelW) , . - , .
, 20 100 [93].
- , [81].
, , Sec-β- [94, 95]. . () (GSH) [96]. (SPS), [97, 98]. [99]. , . , . , , [100, 101].
, , 1 [102]. . , GSH [103], γ- . [103], , . , , [104].
, , . [99]
M. Wenzel . (1971) . , 100 , 50 , 32 28 .
GPX-GI 10 , cGPX 24 3 [105].
, . pGPX 50 [106].
, , [107].
PHGPX, G [108].
. , , 75Se , [McMurray C.H., Davidson W., 1974]. 1-2 50-70% . in vitro . , 4 . 15-20 , , [81, 109].
[Wright P.L., Bell M.C., 1963; K.J., Hidiroglou M. 1972; Sandholm., 1975]. . . , , , . , , -, , (HbSSG). [109].
. , , [110].
, ( ). , . [100].
, 24 [101], , .. . 40-50% , 60%. 0,9 / ( ) 3900 / () [111].
, , . , , . , , , [112].
100 800 /. , 80-90% .
400 / [81, 113].
. ( ) , [81]. . , , , . .. (1972), . - . , , , , . , . , Na+, +-, , [114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119].
5 11000 35-59 , 252 131 - . 52 /, 55 /. 80- , 0,4 / 7 , 0,4-0,6 / 3 [120].
, , 62 /. 68 /. 45 / 3.2 [121].
, [122].
, () , , . . , - , , , - [81, 123].
, . [124, 125].
. : , , , , ..
. : , , , [125].
- [114, 127].
. , [115].
50 200 /. : , , 19 14 / [117].
, GPX . 40 / [117]. 70 55 [127, 138].
, , 120 /, GPX [85].
( ) 853 / 55 . (3) 5 1 , 350 / 70 [85, 111, 116, 128].
1.3
. . : , , , , , [129, 130, 131, 132], [134], [135], [136, 137] . . . , .. , .. . , , , . , . , . , . , (ROOH) 22 (R) . , . , :
22 + 2GSH → H2O + GSSG
ROOH + 2GSH → ROH + H2O + GSSG
, , , . [81].
[ .., 1986]. , (120 ). 30 / . α- 50 / . 2 , 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 . , (4,52% 31,7% , <0,001). , . . . , , .. - . 30- , , , - .
, - . , , .
30- .. . , . . α- . . , . , , α-, , , , , l4, [4, 138, 139].
.. , , [3]. .. .. [4]. .. .. -- . (). . , --, 1 / , 125 /, . -- , . [140].
. , 2 [141].
. , 700 6 [142]. , . , , . 600 / ( 50% ) 100 / [143].
, [144].
.. , 5, 6, 5 . , . - , [139, 145, 146, 147]. .. [148].
, . , [81, 149]. , - , , -. , [150, 151, 152].
. . 1-2 . . , , . , , , 3-4 [153, 154, 155, 156].
, , . [81, 156, 157, 158].
. . , , , , - , [129, 130, 131, 132].
, 100 /. . CCl4 , 1,5 , 3 , , [159].
. . , . , , , , , , [160]. . [161, 162]. , , [163, 164, 165].
. 20 [166, 167], , . , . , - , , , , . , 35%. , 65% [168, 169, 170].
, , (1,63 /) 2 , ( 1,72 /) [171, 171].
, - . . [173, 174].
GPX. , . , , . , , , [81].
. , , , , Se. , Sec, [81, 172].
β- , -, , [175].
, . , . 2,5 / 45% , 24% . , - . [81, 172].
.. (1964-1969) , . , 100 / , 100/. . , 1 700-1000 . , Se . . , 1% (300-400 / 100 ), 500 250000 α- [176, 177].
. . , [177, 178, 179, 180, 181].
. H2Se , , . [182].
. , [183, 184]. , [185, 186].
, [187, 188]. , , , , . [189].
, . , [81].
. , , , [190]. , , , [153, 191].
, , . .
. , , 35-38% (<0,05), 200%. (<0,05) .
( , , ..), , (, ). . , , , .. [81].
, , , . , , , , , , . , .
.
2
2.1
20-25 . 14 . . 14 , , [192].
.. [193].
2.2
, .
. , , .
. [10, 30, 59, 194, 195].
2.3 - Bioshell
. 24 ( 300 /, ) [196]. . SP-01 () Bioshell IBM AT 486 Pentium-133 [197]. :
-
- .
2.4
. " " , , .
80 , 20 , 8 . , . 3 ( ), (- ), (), (, ) [192, 198, 199, 200, 201].
2.5
. 4 , 3 /. [192, 202].
2.6 ()
. . , , 60 60 , (1515), .
(88). , . , , .
(40 ), 1 , 0,5 . , 30 . 24 , . , (40 ), 12 1 , 5 . . , ( ) , , , .. [192, 203].
2.7
, , .
(.. ) . ( 2 ) ( ) 750 3. () [202].
. , , 300 / . 3 [192].
- . , , , , .
, .
. 2,0 , . , , [204].
2.8
10-12 . 40 .. [10, 30, 59, 194, 195].
2.9
236 200 -250 154 20-25 . : , .
, . (0,9% ).
2.10
. , , , . [192]. <0,05, <0,01 .
3 ,
90 20 22 48 200 250 . . SP-01 () Bioshell. 30, 50, 100 / .
3.1
, LD50 . (90 ) 20-22 , 0,5 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 /. 7 , , . (10 ) .
LD50 :
LD50 = LD100 Σ (Z*D)/m,
Σ .
Z ;
D ;
m ;
, .
1 2.
1
/ | Z | D | Z*D | ||
1 | 6 | 0 | - | - | - |
2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
3 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
4 | 6 | 3 | 3.5 | 1 | 3.5 |
5 | 6 | 3 | 4.5 | 1 | 4.5 |
6 | 6 | 5 | 5.5 | 1 | 5.5 |
7 | 6 | 5 | 7.5 | 1 | 7.5 |
8 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 1 | 8 |
LD50 :
LD50 = 8 (1,0+3,5+4,5+5,5+7,5+8,0) / 6 = 3 /
, . LD50 3 /.
2 -
/ | Z | D | Z*D | ||
1 | 6 | 0 | - | - | - |
2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
3 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
4 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
5 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 6 |
7 | 6 | 5 | 6.5 | 1 | 6.5 |
8 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 1 | 8 |
LD50 :
LD50 = 8 (1,0+4,0+6,0+6,5+8,0) / 6 = 3,75 /
, . LD50 3,75/.
3.2
40 , , 200,0-230,0 . 300 /. , , 100, 50 30 /. . .
30 / (6 ) . , 5 25%, 15 - 41,2% . 60 53,715,8% ( 3).
3 - () 30 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
/100/153,066,3 |
|
% | |
5 | -25,019,4* |
15 | -41,217,1* |
30 | -46,010,6* |
45 | -52,113,7* |
60 | -53,715,8* |
- , * ≤0,05
50 / (6 ), . 5 28,113,1%, 41,310,5% ( 4).
4 - () 50 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
/100/ 114,430,4 |
|
% | |
5 | -28,113,1* |
15 | -28,413,7 |
30 | -25,324,6 |
45 | -32,08,1* |
60 | -41,310,5* |
- , * ≤0,05
100 / (8 ) , 30 50 /. , ( 6-14%). 60 20,512,7% ( 5).
5 - () 100 /, (Mm, n=8, D%)
/100/184,659,6 |
|
% | |
5 | -6,64,6* |
15 | -13,46,6* |
30 | -16,215,9 |
45 | -22,011,1* |
60 | -20,512,7* |
- , * ≤0,05
1.
1 - 30 /, 50 /, 100 /
- , * ≤0,05
;
30 / (6 ) . , 5 18,3%, . . 30 39,8%. 45 . 38,6%. 60 39,9% ( 6).
6 - () 30 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
/100/149,927,1 |
|
% | |
5 | -18,317,3* |
15 | -24,310,9* |
30 | -39,89,8* |
45 | -38,615,3* |
60 | -39,922,2* |
- , * ≤0,05
50 / . 45 , 38,2% ( 7).
7 - () 50 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
/100/86,719,1 |
|
% | |
5 | -14,622,4 |
15 | -29,521,2 |
30 | -32,127,2 |
45 | -38,221,5* |
60 | -39,827,5 |
- , * ≤0,05
100 / (8 ) , , 30 50 /. , 5 24,018,3%. 15 , 30,7% . ( 8).
8 - () 100 /, (Mm, n=8, D%)
/100/101,222,3 |
|
% | |
5 | -24,018,3* |
15 | -30,717,1* |
30 | -29,113,2* |
45 | -25,417,3* |
60 | -27,415,0* |
- , * ≤0,05
2.
- , * - ≤0,05
;
2 - 30/, 50 /, 100 /
3.3
, , , , . . .
12 , 220 - 250. 24 - 48 (300 /, ) . SP-01 () Bioshell 1.00 IBM AT 486 [202]. 60 . , 100 /, .
100 / (6 ) . , 6%, - 6%.
3 9, 10.
- , * - ≤0,05
;
3 (100 /) (Mm, n=6, D%)
9 - 100 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
. . . | 108,713,6 | |
% | ||
5 | 1,26,7 | 110,018,6 |
10 | 0,05,7 | 108,724,1 |
15 | -1,15,9 | 107,527,6 |
20 | -2,37,1 | 106,221,1 |
25 | -4,26,9 | 104,220,7 |
30 | -4,07,3 | 104,324,2 |
35 | -2,87,6 | 105,730,1 |
40 | -3,49,5 | 105,026,8 |
45 | -5,110,8 | 103,220,1 |
50 | -6,011,6 | 102,222,9 |
55 | -7,111,6 | 101,018,1 |
60 | -6,013,8 | 102,218,5 |
- , *- ≤0,05
10 - 100 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
. . . | 92,020,8 | |
% | ||
5 | 6,019,1 | 97,518,6 |
10 | 3,825,2 | 95,524,1 |
15 | 4,028,9 | 95,727,6 |
20 | 5,421,7 | 97,021,1 |
25 | 7,220,9 | 98,720,7 |
30 | 0,426,2 | 92,324,2 |
35 | 0,532,6 | 92,530,1 |
40 | -4,230,4 | 88,226,8 |
45 | 4,021,0 | 95,720,1 |
50 | 1,324,6 | 93,222,9 |
55 | 8,918,0 | 100,218,1 |
60 | 6,319,0 | 97,818,5 |
- , * - ≤0,05
100 / (6 ) . , 6%.
11, 12.
11 - 100 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
/ | 392,339,5 | |
% | ||
5 | 2,111,2 | 400,545,0 |
10 | 2,611,0 | 402,344,1 |
15 | 1,310,6 | 397,542,1 |
20 | 5,710,3 | 414,742,8 |
25 | 4,69,8 | 410,540,4 |
30 | 6,111,1 | 416,246,0 |
35 | 5,110,9 | 412,344,9 |
40 | 3,310,4 | 405,242,2 |
45 | 4,39,9 | 409,040,4 |
50 | 4,010,2 | 408,241,7 |
55 | 5,09,2 | 411,837,8 |
60 | 2,810,6 | 403,342,7 |
- , * - ≤0,05
12 - 100 /, (Mm, n=6, D%)
/ | 363,052,3 | |
% | ||
5 | 4,511,9 | 379,545,1 |
10 | 6,912,6 | 388,049,1 |
15 | 8,210,1 | 392,839,7 |
20 | 5,76,6 | 383,825,3 |
25 | 11,012,6 | 402,850,8 |
30 | 5,615,9 | 383,360,9 |
35 | 0,418,7 | 364,568,2 |
40 | 2,215,2 | 370,856,2 |
45 | 5,913,4 | 384,351,3 |
50 | 4,011,8 | 377,744,4 |
55 | 3,95,7 | 377,221,5 |
60 | 6,17,4 | 385,028,7 |
- , * - ≤0,05
3:
1. , .. .
2. .. .
3. 30 /, 50 / 100 / . .
4. 100 /.
4
. . , . , , , . -, , .
4.1 ,
18 200 250 . 50 - 60 100 /. , , . . 3- ( ), - ( ) ( , ).
2, 4 7 . . - 13 15.
13
() |
- |
- |
-
|
||||
2 | 16,0 1,6 | 6,8 1,2 | 3,7 1,4 | 0,3 0,3 | 0,5 0,5 | 0,7 0,3 | |
4 | 13,5 2,4 | 4,3 1,0 | 2,0 1,4 | 0,5 0,3 | 1,8 0,5 | 0,3 0,3 | |
7 | 15,7 2,0 | 6,8 1,1 | 1,5 1,0 | 0,0 0,0 | 1,7 0,6 | 0,7 0,2 |
14 100 /
() |
- |
- |
-
|
||||
2 | 15,7 1,2 | 5,2 0,6 | 2,7 0,6 | 0,5 0,3 | 1,0 0,4 | 0,3 0,2 | |
4 | 14,8 1,2 | 4,7 1,1 | 2,5 0,8 | 0,3 0,2 | 0,8 0,4 | 0,5 0,3 | |
7 | 16,2 1,1 | 5,7 0,9 | 1,8 0,7 | 0,3 0,2 | 1,3 0,6 | 0,3 0,2 |
- , * ≤0,05
15 100 /
() |
- |
- |
-
|
||||
2 | 15,8 1,6 | 7,0 0,9 | 3,3 0,6 | 0,8 0,3 | 1,5 0,6 | 0,7 0,4 | |
4 | 15,0 1,9 | 4,5 1,0 | 2,3 0,8 | 0,5 0,3 | 1,2 0,5 | 0,7 0,3 | |
7 | 16,0 2,1 | 6,3 0,8 | 2,0 0,6 | 0,2 0,2 | 0,8 0,3 | 0,7 0,3 |
- , * ≤0,05
. , , . - .
4.2
18 200 250 . 50 - 60 100 /. . 24 . 6 . () 3 . 2, 4 7 . 16 17.
16
, / |
- |
. | |||
2 | 4 | 7 | |||
. | 6 | 128,321,7 | 115,018,3 | 120,815,8 | |
100 | 6 | 122,520,0 | 117,528,3 | 124,237,2 | |
100 | 6 | 119,222,8 | 120,217,5 | 117,525,8 |
- , * ≤0,05
17
, / |
- |
. | ||||
2 | 4 | 7 |
|
|||
. | 6 | 19,27,5 | 20,87,8 | 16,78,3 | ||
100 | 6 | 18,38,3 | 20,011,7 | 15,011,7 | ||
100 | 6 | 20,011,7 | 20,811,1 | 17,510,0 |
- , * ≤0,05
, .
4.3
200 250 . 100 / 60 . . .
4 , 3 /. . 2, 4 7 .
18.
18 (100 /)
, / |
- |
- | ||||||
2 | 4 | 7 | ||||||
. | % | . | % | . | % | |||
. | 8 | 4 | 50,0 | 5 | 62,5 | 5 | 62,5 | |
100 | 8 | 5 | 62,5 | 6 | 75,0 | 6 | 75,0 | |
100 | 8 | 4 | 50,0 | 5 | 62,5 | 5 | 62,5 |
- , * ≤0,05
1. , - .
2. , .
3. .
5
. . . , . , , .
, , .
.
5.1
70 23 - 25 , . . 10 15 30, 50 100 /. , . ( 19).
19 - (Mm, D%)
, / |
- |
|||
D% | ||||
. | 10 | 57,09,0 | --- | |
30 | 10 | 69,522,3* | +21,9%* | |
50 | 10 | 64,58,5** | +13,2%** | |
100 | 10 | 58,57,5 | +2,6% | |
30 | 10 | 81,524,8* | +43,0%** | |
50 | 10 | 67,517,0* | +18,4%* | |
100 | 10 | 59,08,8 | +3,5% |
1 * - . ; ≤0,05
2 ** - . ; ≤0,01
, 30 / 50/. , 30 / 21,9% . 50 / 13,2%. 100 / . . 30 / 43%. . 18, 4% 50 / 100 / ( 4).
1 * - . ; ≤0,05
2 ** - . ; ≤0,01
4 - , (Mm, D%)
, , 50 / 30 /.
5.2 ,
24 , , 220 - 250 , . 72 . 10 15 30, 50 100 /. .
, . 72 25%. , .
30 / 15 . 48 50%. 50 / . 2-3 62,5%. 100 / 30 /. 30 / 72 4 8 62,5%. 50 100 /. 62,5%. , , , , 50 /. 50 100 /. 20 5.
20 - (Mm, D%)
, / |
- |
- | ||||||
24 |
48 |
72 |
||||||
. | % | . | % | . | % | |||
. | 8 | 5 | 62,5 | 3 | 37,5 | 2 | 25 | |
30 | 8 | 5 | 62,5 | 4 | 50 | 4 | 50 | |
50 | 8 | 6 | 75 | 5 | 62,5* | 5 | 62,5* | |
100 | 8 | 5 | 62,5 | 4 | 50 | 4 | 50 | |
30 | 8 | 5 | 62,5 | 5 | 62,5 | 4 | 50 | |
50 | 8 | 6 | 75 | 6 | 75 | 5 | 62,5* | |
100 | 8 | 6 | 75 | 5 | 62,5* | 5 | 62,5* |
- . ; * - ≤ 0,05
- . ; * - ≤0,05
;
5 - (Mm, D%)
5.3 ,
, .
, , , . ( ) , , 4-5g, . , , .
220-250. , .
, . 36 , 12 . 100 / 10-15 . - .
2 . 16 g 10 , 5 . , 5 , 21 g 5 .
, . , 2 12, 16,7%, 3 , 41,7%. 12 1, 8,3 %, 2 , 25%.
: . 100%. 1 12, 8,3%. 6 21.
- . , * - ≤0,05
;
6
21 (100 /, )
1 | 2 | |||
|
% |
|
% |
|
10 | 83,3% | 7 | 58,3% | |
11 | 91,7% | 9 | 75,0% | |
12 | 100,0% | 11* | 91,7% |
- ; * - ≤0,05
, , 100 / .
5.4
, (300 /). 40 .. 10-12 .
. 100 /, .
101,4 8,4 /100/. 15-20 . 5 27,8%. 20 . 30 12,7%, ( 60 .) 37,0%. : ( ).
( 15 ) 100 / ( 22 - 24, 7). . 5 8,8%, 27,8%. 15 60 . 60 , .
100 / (7 ) , . , 5 2,4% ( 27,8%). . 60 37,0%, 19,1%. . - , .
22
/100/101,4 8,4 |
|
% | |
5 | +27,8 5,1* |
15 | +3,2 4,6 |
30 | -12,7 2,1* |
45 | -20,0 2,5 |
60 | -37,0 1,9* |
- , * ≤0,05
23 (100 /) , (Mm, n=7, D%)
/100/81,827,8 |
|
% | |
5 | +8,829,8* |
15 | -20,730,4* |
30 | -26,941,3* |
45 | -23,130,3* |
60 | -28,341,3* |
- , * ≤0,05
24 (100 /) , (Mm, n=7, D%)
/100/61,619,2 |
|
% | |
5 | +2,457,1* |
15 | +7,254,8* |
30 | -31,832,6* |
45 | -22,626,4* |
60 | -19,124,9* |
- , * ≤0,05
- , * ≤0,05
;
7
5.5
, , . . .
, . 5,2%. ( ) 60 19,6%. 14,8% .
, . 10-15 5 15 - . 30 60 12,2% . . , (+5,6% +41,1%, ). 25 - 27 8.
25
. . |
. .//100/ |
|
122,6 3,9 |
1,24 4,0 |
|
% | ||
5 | -1,11,0 | -23,2 4,0* |
15 | -2,91,1* | -3,7 6,0 |
30 | -7,2 2,2* | +5,6 4,6 |
45 | -6,12,4 | +23 5,7 |
60 | -5,2 2,2* | +41,1 9,9* |
- , * ≤0,05
26 - 100 / (Mm, n=7, D%)
75,38,3 |
||
% | ||
5 | -3,810,3 | -5,7*31,9 |
15 | -9,8*13,5 | -15,5*15,8 |
30 | -9,8*12,6 | +32,7*24,5 |
45 | -17,3*18,4 | +7,2*24,3 |
60 | -14,8*14,2 | +5,6*23,3 |
- , * ≤0,05
27 - , 100 / (Mm, n=7, D%)
(/100/) |
76,010,0 |
|
% | ||
5 | -8,4*9,5 | -15,8*43,1 |
15 | -7,8*10,8 | +16,4*39,8 |
30 | -12,0*13,3 | +20,5*31,2 |
45 | -16,9*11,5 | +8,2*41,8 |
60 | -19,6*9,1 | +12,2*33,8 |
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2 | . | 12,02,6 | 7,92,7 | 2,41,5 | 0,90,7 | 2,61,1 | 0,00,0 |
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7 | . | 13,02,6 | 7,07,0 | 1,91,3 | 0,30,5 | 2,30,7 | 0,20,2 |
29 (100 /)
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- |
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|
||||
2 | 10,81,9 | 4,11,0* | 2,31,3 | 0,30,6 | 1,01,0 | 0,10,3 | |
4 | 12,43,3 | 5,42,2 | 3,32,2 | 1,30,3 | 1,30,8* | 0,10,3 | |
7 | 14,42,0 | 6,41,2 | 1,31,0 | 0,10,3 | 1,60,8 | 0,30,4 |
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30 (100 /)
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- |
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|
||||
2 | 15,43,9 | 8,03,1 | 1,61,1 | 0,30,4 | 0,50,6* | 0,30,4 | |
4 | 14,22,2 | 11,32,8* | 2,82,3 | 0,50,6 | 1,00,7* | 0,30,4 | |
7 | 17,32,4* | 8,72,3 | 1,51,2 | 0,20,3 | 0,90,8* | 0,40,5 |
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|
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|
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4 | . | 12,23,2 | 6,52,5 | 3,01,0 | 0,30,4 | 0,80,8 | 0,30,4 |
7 | . | 11,85,4 | 6,03,7 | 3,21,8 | 0,70,7& | 1,00,7 | 0,30,4 |
38 (100 ) , ( )
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100 | 6 | 3 | 50,0 | 4 | 66,7$ | 4 | 66,7 |
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.
6
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6.
1. , .. / .., .. // : , 10 . . . ., 2004. - . 142-160.
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10. , .. / .. . .: , 1980. 190 .
11. , .. / .. . .: , 1983. 174 .
12. , .. : . . . / .., .., .. .: , 1981. 416 .
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14. , .. / .., .. .: , 1980. 188 .
15. , .. / .., .., .. .: , 1984. 54 .
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24. , .. / .., .. : , 1975. 225 .
25. , .. / .. // . 1983. - 4. . 5-15.
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