. , , ,

,,,

: .


32 ., 26 ., 3 ., 3

, , , , , ,

, , .

-, -, - , , , .


 

1

1.1

1.2 -

1.3 -

1.4 -

2

2.1

2.2

2.3

3

3.1 -

3.1.1 --

3.1.2 -

3.1.3 -

3.1.4 -

3.2 -

3.2.1 --

3.2.2 -

3.2.3 -

3.2.4 -

3.3 -

3.3.1 --

3.3.2 -

3.3.3 -

3.3.4 -

4

4.1

4.2

4.3 simulink


, . , , , , .

, , , .

, , :

          ;

          ;

          .

, , , .


1  

1.1       

. , .

(

, MATLAB.

Script 1:

>> Wop=tf([0.9 7 2.2],[336 146 21 1]);

>> step(Wop);grid

2

, , , .

1.2        -

:

-

, .

Script 2:

>> m=0.313;

>> w=0:0.001:0.26;

>> Wex=(0.9*((j-m).*w).^2+7*(j-m).*w+2.2)./ ...

(336*((j-m).*w).^3+146*((j-m).*w).^2+21*(j-m).*w+1);

>> Win=1./Wex;

>> R=real(Win);

>> I=imag(Win);

>> Ki=w*(m^2+1).*I;

>> Kp=m.*I-R;

>> plot(Kp,Ki);xlabel('Axis Kp');ylabel('Axis Ki');grid


3

kp=2.663 ki=0. - kP=2.663.

-.

Script 3:

>> Wop=tf([0.9 7 2.2],[336 146 21 1]);

>> Wap1=tf(2.663);

>> W1=series(Wap1,Wop)

Transfer function:

2.397 s^2 + 18.64 s + 5.859

----------------------------

336 s^3 + 146 s^2 + 21 s + 1

>> Fi1=feedback(W1,1)

Transfer function:

2.397 s^2 + 18.64 s + 5.859

-------------------------------------

336 s^3 + 148.4 s^2 + 39.64 s + 6.859

>> step(Fi1);grid


4 -

(

Script 4:

>> ((1.14-0.854)-(0.895-0.854))/(1.14-0.854)

ans = 0.8566

, .

1.3        -

-

kp ki ( 3). kp = 1.21 ki = 0.098. -

.

-.

Script 5:

>> Wop=tf([0.9 7 2.2],[336 146 21 1]);

>> Wap2=tf([1.21 0.098],[1 0]);

>> W2=series(Wap2,Wop)

Transfer function:

1.089 s^3 + 8.558 s^2 + 3.348 s + 0.2156

----------------------------------------

336 s^4 + 146 s^3 + 21 s^2 + s

>> Fi2=feedback(W2,1)

Transfer function:

1.089 s^3 + 8.558 s^2 + 3.348 s + 0.2156

--------------------------------------------------

336 s^4 + 147.1 s^3 + 29.56 s^2 + 4.348 s + 0.2156

>> step(Fi2);grid


5 -

(3) ψ

Script 6:

>> ((1.31-1)-(1.04-1))/(1.31-1)

ans = 0.8710

, .

1.4        -

-

,

.

. . - , .

Script 7:

>> w=0.15:0.001:0.26;

>> Wex=(0.9*((j-m).*w).^2+7*(j-m).*w+2.2)./ ...

(336*((j-m).*w).^3+146*((j-m).*w).^2+21*(j-m).*w+1);

>> Win=1./Wex;

>> R=real(Win);

>> I=imag(Win);

>> Ki=w*(m^2+1).*(I+w*2.04);

>> Kp=m.*I-R+2*m.*w*2.04;

>> plot(Kp,Ki);xlabel('Axis Kp');ylabel('Axis Ki');grid

6

kp ki ( 6). kp = 2.05 ki = 0.18. -

.

-.

Script 8:

>> Wop=tf([0.9 7 2.2],[336 146 21 1]);

>> Wap3=tf([2.04 2.05 0.18],[1 0]);

>> W3=series(Wap3,Wop)

Transfer function:

1.836 s^4 + 16.13 s^3 + 19 s^2 + 5.77 s + 0.396

-----------------------------------------------

336 s^4 + 146 s^3 + 21 s^2 + s

>> Fi3=feedback(W3,1)

Transfer function:

1.836 s^4 + 16.13 s^3 + 19 s^2 + 5.77 s + 0.396

-----------------------------------------------

337.8 s^4 + 162.1 s^3 + 40 s^2 + 6.77 s + 0.396

>> step(Fi3);grid

7 -

(3) ψ

Script 9:

>> ((1.33-1)-(1.05-1))/(1.33-1)

ans =0.8485

, .


2  

 

2.1       

, 1.3-1.5 :

ymax1 ;

ymax2 ;

y ;

σ ;

ε .

tp ;

tn ;

tmax ;

æ ;

T ;

ω ;

n ;

1

ymax1

ymax2

y

σ ε

tp

tn

tmax

æ T ω n
1.14 0.895 0.854 33.6 0.146 41.7 5.23 12.3 6.98 24.7 0.25 1.5
1.31 1.04 1 31 0 62.3 8.11 19.4 7.75 35.9 0.175 1.5
1.33 1.05 1 32.6 0 50.3 6.33 14.3 6.6 29.7 0.21 1.5


æ

, , . - , . - , . - , .

2.2       

( 8).

8

:

Script 10:

>> Fiz1=feedback(Wop,Wap1)

Transfer function:

0.9 s^2 + 7 s + 2.2

-------------------------------------

336 s^3 + 148.4 s^2 + 39.64 s + 6.859

>> Fiz2=feedback(Wop,Wap2)

Transfer function:

0.9 s^3 + 7 s^2 + 2.2 s

--------------------------------------------------

336 s^4 + 147.1 s^3 + 29.56 s^2 + 4.348 s + 0.2156

>> Fiz3=feedback(Wop,Wap3)

Transfer function:

0.9 s^3 + 7 s^2 + 2.2 s

-----------------------------------------------

337.8 s^4 + 162.1 s^3 + 40 s^2 + 6.77 s + 0.396

8


2

ymax1

ymax2

y

σ ε

tp

tn

tmax

æ T ω n
0.429 0.336 0.321 33.6 0.321 41.7 5.23 12.3 0.86 24.6 0.26 1.5
0.598 0.061 0 ¥ 0 73.5 0 14.3 0.898 37.7 0.167 2
0.39 0.04 0 ¥ 0 49 0 14 0.897 30 0.21 1.5

, , - , . - , . - .

2.3       

. ∆L>6 , ∆φ>300.

Script 11:

>> [Gm1,Pm1]=margin(W1);

>> [Gm2,Pm2]=margin(W2);

>> [Gm3,Pm3]=margin(W3);

>> [20*log10(Gm1),Pm1]

ans =

Inf 41.6235

>> [20*log10(Gm2),Pm2]

ans =

Inf 36.7183

>> [20*log10(Gm3),Pm3]

ans =

Inf 36.0532

3

∆L ∆φ
¥ 41.6
¥ 36.7
¥ 36.1

, , , .


3  

3.1        -

3.1.1  --

- . 1.3. :

,

,

. (). - :

Script 12:

>> b2=2.397;b1=18.64;b0=5.859;

>> a3=336;a2=148.4;a1=39.64;a0=6.859;

>> A1=[0 1 0;0 0 1;-a0/a3 -a1/a3 -a2/a3];

>> B1=[0;0;1];

>> C1=[b0/a3 b1/a3 b2/a3];

>> D1=0;

>> sys1=ss(A1,B1,C1,D1)

a =

x1 x2 x3

x1 0 1 0

x2 0 0 1

x3 -0.02041 -0.118 -0.4417

b =

u1

x1 0

x2 0

x3 1

c =

x1 x2 x3

y1 0.01744 0.05548 0.007134

d =

u1

y1 0

Continuous-time model.

>> step(sys1);grid


9 -

- -- ( 4 9), , -- - , .

3.1.2  -

10 -


11 s- -

12 -

, s- - Simulink MATLAB , s- .

3.1.3  -

. :



Script 13:

>> Y1=[B1 A1*B1 A1^2*B1]

Y1 =

0 0 1.0000

0 1.0000 -0.4417

1.0000 -0.4417 0.0771

>> rY1=rank(Y1)

rY1 =

3

>> dY1=det(Y1)

dY1 =

-1

, . , , . , .

3.1.4  -

. :

Script 14:

>> H1=[C1; C1*A1; C1*A1^2]

H1 =

0.0174 0.0555 0.0071

-0.0001 0.0166 0.0523

-0.0011 -0.0063 -0.0065

>> rH1=rank(H1)

rH1 = 3

>> dH1=det(H1)

dH1 =

8.5991e-007

, . , , . , .

3.2        -

3.2.1  --

- . 1.4. :

,

,

.


. (). - :

Script 15:

>> b3=1.089;b2=8.558;b1=3.348;b0=0.2156;

>> a4=336;a3=147.1;a2=29.56;a1=4.348;a0=0.2156;

>> A2=[0 1 0 0;0 0 1 0;0 0 0 1;-a0/a4 -a1/a4 -a2/a4 -a3/a4];

>> B2=[0;0;0;1];

>> C2=[b0/a4 b1/a4 b2/a4 b3/a4];

>> D2=0;

>> sys2=ss(A2,B2,C2,D2)

a =

x1 x2 x3 x4

x1 0 1 0 0

x2 0 0 1 0

x3 0 0 0 1

x4 -0.0006417 -0.01294 -0.08798 -0.4378

b =

u1

x1 0

x2 0

x3 0

x4 1

c =

x1 x2 x3 x4

y1 0.0006417 0.009964 0.02547 0.003241

d =

u1

y1 0

Continuous-time model.

>> step(sys2);grid

13 -

- -- ( 5 13), , -- - .


3.2.2  -

14 -

15 s- -


16 -

, s- - Simulink MATLAB , s- , .

3.2.3  -

. :

Script 16:

>> Y2=[B2 A2*B2 A2^2*B2 A2^3*B2]

Y2 =

0 0 0 1.0000

0 0 1.0000 -0.4378

0 1.0000 -0.4378 0.1037

1.0000 -0.4378 0.1037 -0.0198

>> rY2=rank(Y2)

rY2 = 4

>> dY2=det(Y2)

dY2 = 1

, . , , . , .

3.2.4  -

. :

Script 17:

>> H2=[C2; C2*A2; C2*A2^2; C2*A2^3]

H2 =

0.0006 0.0100 0.0255 0.0032

-0.0000 0.0006 0.0097 0.0241

-0.0000 -0.0003 -0.0015 -0.0009

0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0002 -0.0011

>> rH2=rank(H2)

rH2 =4

>> dH2=det(H2)

dH2 = -1.2054e-014


, . , , . , .

3.3        -

3.3.1  --

- . 1.5. :

,

,

.

. - :

,

,

,

,

.

Script 18:

>> b4=1.836;b3=16.13;b2=19;b1=5.77;b0=0.396;

>> a4=337.8;a3=162.1;a2=40;a1=6.77;a0=0.396;

>> v0=b4/a4;

>> v1=(b3-v0*a3)/a4;

>> v2=(b2-v0*a2-v1*a3)/a4;

>> v3=(b1-v0*a1-v1*a2-v2*a3)/a4;

>> v4=(b0-v0*a0-v1*a1-v2*a2-v3*a3)/a4;

>> A3=[0 1 0 0;0 0 1 0;0 0 0 1;-a0/a4 -a1/a4 -a2/a4 -a3/a4];

>> B3=[v1;v2;v3;v4];

>> C3=[1 0 0 0];

>> D3=v0;

>> sys3=ss(A3,B3,C3,D3)

a =

x1 x2 x3 x4

x1 0 1 0 0

x2 0 0 1 0

x3 0 0 0 1

x4 -0.001172 -0.02004 -0.1184 -0.4799

b =

u1

x1 0.04514

x2 0.03394

x3 -0.00466

x4 -0.001521

c =

x1 x2 x3 x4

y1 1 0 0 0

d =

u1

y1 0.005435

Continuous-time model.

>> step(sys3);grid

17 -

- -- ( 7 17), , -- - , .


3.3.2  -

18 -

19 s- -

20 -

, s- - Simulink MATLAB , s- , .

3.3.3  -

. (15):

Script 19:

>> Y3=[B3 A3*B3 A3^2*B3 A3^3*B3]

Y3 =

0.0451 0.0339 -0.0047 -0.0015

0.0339 -0.0047 -0.0015 0.0005

-0.0047 -0.0015 0.0005 -0.0000

-0.0015 0.0005 -0.0000 -0.0000

>> rY3= rank(Y3)

rY3 = 4

>> dY3=det(Y3)

dY3 = -1.6937e-014

, . , , . , .

3.3.4  -

. :

Script 20:

>> H3=[C3;C3*A3;C3*A3^2;C3*A3^3]

H3 =

1 0 0 0

0 1 0 0

0 0 1 0

0 0 0 1

>> rH3=rank(H3)

rH3 = 4

>> dH3=det(H3)

dH3 = 1

, . , , . , .


4  

4.1

C 21.

21

- , . 1.4:

.

(), 22.

22

: .


4.1       

. . :

,

,

, . . .

, :

.

:

,

,

,

- (. . 1.4).

(19) . .

Script 21:

>> A=0.001:0.001:5;

>> Wnon=(2./pi).*(asin(2.4./A)+(2.4./A).*sqrt(1-5.76./A.^2));

>> Z=-1./(Wnon);

>> Re=real(Z);

>> Im=imag(Z);

>> w=0.1:0.01:1;

>> W2=(b3*(j*w).^3+b2*(j*w).^2+b1*(j*w)+b0)./ ...

(a4*(j*w).^4+a3*(j*w).^3+a2*(j*w).^2+a1*(j*w));

>> re=real(W2);

>> im=imag(W2);

>> plot(re,im,Re,Im);grid

Script 21 23. 24 , . , , .

23

24 ()

4.2        Simulink

Simulink. 25, , 26.

25 s-

26


, , , , , .


, .

, , -, , , , -. : .

, . , . Simulink.


1.         : 2102 / . . , . . . . . . -; - : - , 2000. 22 .

2.         MATLAB 6/6.1/6.5 + Simulink 4/5. / . . .: -, 2004. 768 .

: . 32 ., 26 ., 3 ., 3

 

 

 

! , , , .
. , :