,,,
, . , . , . . - .
1 充....4
2 ......................................5
........5
A........................6
2.2 .........10
2.3 х.........17
2.3 D.........26
3 充..34
4 ⅅ....35
...........36
...................................................42
......................................................................46
, , . , , , , , . , ( , ) , (, ) . , ( , ), .
, , , , . , , , , , , ..
2
2.1
B , . , . : F(x) () : , . , (), , .
, = {E1,E2,,En}. x(t), , . , . [0,t] x(t) , t0 = 0<t1<t2<<tm≤t = {E1,E2,,En} .
, . F(y), , . , F(y) Ω(n,y,) , y = (y0=0,y1,y2,,yn) = (0=0, 1, 2,, n).
2 : , F(y); , .
2.2 A.
- .
, t =0, , F(x). t= t = + , , (), ( ). - , y(My=T) . .
. x(t), . z ≥ 0,
E0, t , z;
E1, t , z;
E2, t ;
E3, t ( - ).
1 x(t) ( )
:
:
y = (y0=0,y1,y2,,yn) = (0=0, 1, 2,, n);
pp;
- ap;
pp ;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , .
.
(1.1)
.
(1.2)
.
(1.3)
.
(1.4)
:
F(t);
pp;
- ap;
pp ;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , .
:
(1.5)
:
(1.6)
:
(1.7)
:
(1.8)
1.1 1.2.
1.1 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
A | 0,83 | 0,68 | 1,41 | 0,3 |
1.2 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
A | 0,83 | 0,65 | 1,33 | 0,28 |
2.2 .
, . (t=0) (). , , pp. , , , , :
() = (2.1)
- , ( >). . , .
. . Z > 0, x(t):
E0, t , z;
E1, t , z;
E2, t - z;
E3, t .
2 x(t) ( )
(, , , - . , - :
(2.2)
, F(y) , . .
F(y) (n,y,). (2.3)
G*(x), , ,
I(G*,F*) = max min I(G,F), G , F (n,y,). (2.4)
, G*(x) F*(y). (2.2) , F (n,y,) G .
:
:
:
y = (y0=0,y1,y2,,yn) = (0=0, 1, 2,, n);
pp;
- ap;
pp ;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , .
:
. k0
, (2.5)
k = 0,1,2,..., n.
Ak k0<n, 0 = yk0+1-0. k0 = n, 0 = ∞, .. .
.
k0 (0 ≤ k0 ≤ n), yk0 z ≤ 0, yk0+1 z > 0.
(1.6) (1.7).
, [0 , yk+1 - z],
(2.6)
, [ym - z , ym+1 - z].
, k0 = 0,1,2, n (2.7)
, .
.
k,
. (2.8)
0 = yk0+1-0 .
.
k, 젠
(2.9)
0 = yk0+1-0 蠠 .
:
:
F(t);
pp;
- ap;
pp;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , .
:
(2.10)
:
(2.11)
:
(2.12)
:
(2.13)
.
, :
Tpp = 1 ; ap = 2 ; pp=1 /; ap=2 /; z = 25 ; 0 = 5 /;
y = (y0 = 0;.y1 = l0; 2 = 20; 3 = 30; 4 = 40),
= (0 = 0; 1 = 0,1; 2 = 0.15; 3 = 0,3; 4 = 0,5).
Ak :
2.1
0 |
1 |
2 |
A3 |
4 |
0,891 | 0,938 | 0,950 | 0,852 | 0,922 |
, , 0,952, 0=40-0 .
.
k0. , 2, k0=2(y2 z < 0, y3 z > 0).
2.2
y = 0 | y = 5 - 0 | y = 5 + 0 | y = 10 - 0 | y = 10 + 0 | = 15 |
0 | 0,924 | 0,76 | 0,594 | 0,581 | 0,600 |
= 5 - 0 0,924. , 5 - 0 . 0,924.
.
.
2.3 :
2.3
k = 0 | k = 1 | k = 2 | k = 3 | k = 4 |
0,144 | 0,0829 | 0,0775 | 0,0847 | 0,1333 |
, , 30 - 0 . 0,0775 /.
.
.
2.4:
2.4
k = 0 | k = 1 | k = 2 | k = 3 | k = 4 |
4,37 | 4,61 | 4,674 | 4,677 | 4,55 |
, 40 - 0 ., 0,4677 /.
2.5 2.6.
2.5 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
B | 0,95 | 0,92 | 0,46 | 0,07 |
2.6 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
B | 0,94 | 0,92 | 0,48 | 0,07 |
2.3
- .
, , . . . (), , .
t=0, , , G(x). (>, , F(x)), , pp. (≤), - , ap. .
x(t), t, x(t) :
E0, t , z≥0;
E1, t , , z,
E2, t ( );
E3, t - ;
E4, t .
3 x(t) ( )
(, ), , , - , . - .
, , F() . F(x) (n,y,). , I(G,F) , . .
I(G*,F*) = max min I(G,F), G , F (n,y,).
G*(x), . (2.2.1) , G , a F (n,y,) - .
:
:
y = (y0=0,y1,y2,,yn) 蠠 = (0=0, 1, 2,, n);
pp;
- ap;
pp ;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , ;
p.
:
.
k0, :
, (3.1)
, (3.2)
k = 0,1,2,..., n.
(2.1) (2.2 ), = yk0 + 0 (2.1). (2.1) (2.2 ), = yk0+1 - 0 .
.
k0(0≤k0≤n), yk0 z ≤ 0, yk0+1 z > 0. (2.3) (2.4).
, [0 , yk0+1 - z],
(3.3)
, [ym z , ym+1 z].
+ T k+1 + T (1 k+1) , [yk , yk+1], k = 0,1,2,, n (3.4)
, , , .
.
k0, :
(3.5)
(3.6)
(2.5) (2.6), = yk0 + 0 (2.5). (2.5) (2.6), = yk0+1 0 (2.6).
.
k0, :
(3.7)
(3.8)
(2.7), = yk0 - 0. . (2.8), = yk0+1 - 0, k=k0.
:
:
F(t);
pp;
- ap;
pp ;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , ;
p.
:
(3.9)
:
(3.10)
:
(3.11)
:
(3.12)
. , :
Tpp = 1 ; ap = 2 ; pp=1 /; ap=2 /; z = 25 ; 0 = 5 /;
p = 2 /;
y = (y0 = 0;.y1 = l0; 2 = 20; 3 = 30; 4 = 40),
= (0 = 0; 1 = 0,1; 2 = 0.15; 3 = 0,3; 4 = 0,5).
.
(3.1) (3.2) k 3.1:
3.1
k = 0 | k = 1 | k = 2 | k = 3 | k = 4 |
0 0,818 |
0,807 0,822 |
0,821 0,783 |
0,736 0,71 |
0,702 0 |
, , =20 - 0 . 0,822.
.
k0. k0=2.
k 0 ,k - z. 3.2:
3.2
y=0 | y=5 - 0 | y=5 + 0 | =10 - 0 | =10 + 0 | =20 - 0 | y=20+0 |
0 | 0.70 | 0.57 | 0.54 | 0,53 | 0,52 | 0,40 |
0,7 =5 - 0 .
.
k. 3.3.
3.3
k = 0 | k = 1 | k = 2 | k = 3 | k = 4 |
∞ 0,378 |
0,383 0.369 |
0,394 0.526 |
0,630 0,783 |
0,833 ∞ |
, , = 20 - 0 . 0,369 /.
.
k. 3.4:
3.5
k = 0 | k = 1 | k = 2 | k = 3 | k = 4 |
<0 3,72 |
3,70 3,84 |
3,80 8,48 |
3,48 0,30 |
0,29 <0 |
, , = 20 - 0 3,84 /.
3.6 3.7.
3.6 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
C | 0,89 | 0,71 | 3,70 | 0,38 |
3.7 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
C | 0,80 | 0,70 | 3,95 | 0,37 |
2.4 D
D , .
=0 , F()= { < ). t=0 , G(x). , , , . c , , - , . , , , - , , . , .
. (), t. z ≥0, x(t) :
E0, t , z;
E1, t , , z;
E2, t ( );
E3, t - ;
E4, t - ;
E5, t .
4 x(t) ( D)
:
:
y = (y0=0,y1,y2,,yn) 蠠 = (0=0, 1, 2,, n);
pp;
- ap;
pp ;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , ;
p.
.
(4.1)
(4.2)
(4.3)
.
(4.4)
(4.5)
(4.6)
.
(4.7)
(4.8)
(4.9)
.
(4.10)
(4.11)
(4.12)
:
:
F(t);
pp;
- ap;
pp ;
- ap;
C0 , ;
Z , ;
p.
:
(4.13)
- Ei x(t).
- .
(4.14)
(4.15)
(4.16)
(4.17)
(4.18)
(4.19)
:
(4.20)
:
(4.21)
:
(4.22)
4.1 4.2
4.1 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
D | 0,91 | 0,90 | 0,23 | 0,01 |
4.2 - .
K |
P |
C |
C |
|
D | 0,9 | 0,89 | 0,24 | 0,01 |
3
, . :
, ( ). . , , .
: ; . . .
, - , .
4
1. / . . , , 2004.
2. / . . , , 1982.
3. / . . , . . , , 1975.
4. / . . , . . , , , 1971.
5. / . . , , 1997.
6. -
-
. - ( ) :
:
5
6 ()
:
7
:
8
:
9
10 ()
11 ()
:
function A(k:integer):real; // . .
var Sum1,Sum2,Sum3,Sum4:real;
i:integer;
begin
Sum1:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum1:=Sum1+y[i]*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum2:=0;
for i:=k+1 to n do
Sum2:=Sum2+(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum3:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum3:=Sum3+(y[i]+Tap)*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum4:=0;
for i:=k+1 to n do
Sum4:=Sum4+(y[k+1]+Tpp)*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
A:=(Sum1+y[k+1]*Sum2)/(Sum3+Sum4);
end;
function B(k:integer):real; // . .
var Sum:real;
i:integer;
begin
Sum:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum:=Sum+y[i]*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
B:=(Cap*Tap*pi[k+1]+Cpp*Tpp*(1-pi[k+1]))/(Sum+y[k+1]*(1-pi[k+1]));
end;
function C(k:integer):real; // . .
var Sum:real;
i,m:integer;
begin
Sum:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum:=Sum+y[i]*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
C:=(C0*(1-pi[k+1])*y[k+1]+(C0*Sum-Cap*Tap*pi[k+1]-Cpp*Tpp*(1-pi[k+1])))/(y[k+1]*(1-pi[k+1])+Sum+Tap*pi[k+1]+Tpp*(1-pi[k+1]));
end;
function D(t:integer):real; // . .
var Sum1,Sum2,Sum3,Sum4,Sum5:real;
i,k0,m:integer;
begin
k0:=-1;
for i:=0 to n do
if (y[i]-z<=0)and(y[i+1]-z>0) then k0:=i;
m:=k0+1;
Sum1:=0;
for i:=k0+1 to n do
Sum1:=Sum1+(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum2:=0;
for i:=k0+1 to m do
Sum2:=Sum2+(pi[i+1]-pi[i])*(y[i]-z);
Sum3:=0;
for i:=m+1 to n do
Sum3:=Sum3+(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum4:=0;
for i:=0 to k0 do
Sum4:=Sum4+(pi[i+1]-pi[i])*(y[i]+Tap);
Sum5:=0;
for i:=k0+1 to n do
Sum5:=Sum5+(pi[i+1]-pi[i])*(t+Tpp);
if (t>=0)and(t<y[k0+1]-z) then
D:=(Sum1*t)/(Sum4+Sum5)
else D:=(Sum2+Sum3*t)/(Sum4+Sum5);
end;
function A1(k:integer):real; // . .
var Sum:real;
i:integer;
begin
Sum:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum:=Sum+y[i]*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
A1:=(Sum+y[k]*(1-pi[k+1]))/(y[k]+Tap*pi[k+1]+Tpp*(1-pi[k+1]));
end;
function B1(k:integer):real; // . .
var Sum1,Sum2:real;
i:integer;
begin
Sum1:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum1:=Sum1+Cp*(y[k]-y[i])*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum2:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum2:=Sum2+y[i]*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
B1:=(Cap*Tap*pi[k+1]+Cpp*Tpp*(1-pi[k+1])+Sum1)/(Sum2+y[k]*(1-pi[k+1]));
end;
function C1(k:integer):real; // . .
var Sum:real;
i,m:integer;
begin
Sum:=0;
for i:=0 to k do
Sum:=Sum+y[i]*(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
C1:=((C0*(1-pi[k+1])-Cp*pi[k+1])*y[k+1]+((C0+Cp)*Sum-Cap*Tap*pi[k+1]-Cpp*Tpp*(1-pi[k+1])))/(y[k]+Tap*pi[k+1]+Tpp*(1-pi[k+1]));
end;
function D1(t:integer):real; // . .
var Sum1,Sum2,Sum3,Sum4,Sum5:real;
i,k0,m:integer;
begin
k0:=-1;
for i:=0 to n do
if (y[i]-z<=0)and(y[i+1]-z>0) then k0:=i;
m:=k0+1;
Sum1:=0;
for i:=k0+2 to n do
Sum1:=Sum1+(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum2:=0;
for i:=k0+1 to m do
Sum2:=Sum2+(pi[i+1]-pi[i])*(y[i]-z);
Sum3:=0;
for i:=m+1 to n do
Sum3:=Sum3+(pi[i+1]-pi[i]);
Sum4:=0;
for i:=0 to k0 do
Sum4:=Sum4+(pi[i+1]-pi[i])*(t+Tap);
Sum5:=0;
for i:=k0+1 to n do
Sum5:=Sum5+(pi[i+1]-pi[i])*(t+Tpp);
if (t>=0)and(t<y[k0+1]-z) then
D1:=(Sum1*t)/(Sum4+Sum5)
else D1:=(Sum2+Sum3*t)/(Sum4+Sum5);
end;
:
12
13
14
15
,
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