. , , ,

,,,

, ,

:

:

III 234

:

, ..., . .

.., ..., .

2004

: .

堠 3

-

6

頠 8

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16

ࠠ 17


() 1960- , . [8]. , . (CGIS).

, , , . , . , . , .

( ) () , , . , , , . , / , . . .

() , , . . , . ( ) ( ., 2000). : , (.1).

SHAPE * MERGEFORMAT

, / ;


.1. .

, .. (, , , ), , .. ( , , ). () , , , . (), . , . , ( , 1988).

, , , . . , , . , , , , .

, . ( ), ( -1 -1) ( -Ի) [9]. , , :

                     , ;

                     , ;

                     ;

                     , ;

                    

: .

:

1. - , ;

2. LANDSAT ASTER ;

3. 1998-2000 .

4. , 2004 .

-

, , , -, ( ) . 100-150 , 242 . , , , : , , . , , , .

. , . , ( -16 - -20 -) ( +8 +12); , . 450 250 . , , , . 30 % . , , , , . , 37 72 . , . 48 /. 60 . () 500 . -5 -2 ; .

+5 95 110 , 72 94 . 400 1100 .

, , , - . , , , , , . , . , - , , , , . .

, , . - , .

- , . (, , .) (, .) ( , 1985; , 2001; , 1988).

, . , - ; . , : , . .

. , , . , - (), .

, ( ), ( ) (.1).

. 1. (1) . , landsat ETM+

ASTER (6.18.2001, 16_009) landsat ETM+ 1995 2001 . Landsat .1.

1. landsat ETM+.

Path_row

1

173_12

2.08.1987

2

170_12

11.07.1988

3

172_13

02.08.1988

4

171_13

03.08.1988

5

171_13

01.06.2000

6

171_13

19.07.2000

Aster - (advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflector Radiometer). Terra, 1999 . ASTER , , , . , (Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry METI). , TERRA, ASTER . , , ( ) , 6060 .

Landsat7 ( Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space) 10. 00 . 15 1999 . 5 . Landsat ( 1972.). Landsat-7 : NASA, NOAA USGS, . ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus), 30 , 60 15 185 . :

: 705 ;

: 16 .;

: 98.2 .

ETM+ NASA Hughes Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. TM (Thematic Mapper), Landsat. :

                     (15)

                     -

                     5%

, . . 2.

2. ASTER ETM+.

,

,

,

ASTER

1

15

0.51 - 0.60

60

2

15

0.63 - 0.69

3

15

0.76 - 0.86

15

0.76 - 0.86

4

30

1.60 - 1.70

5

30

2.145 - 2.185

6

30

2.185 - 2.225

7

30

2.235 - 2.285

8

30

2.295 - 2.365

9

30

2.360 - 2.430

10

90

8.125 - 8.475

11

90

8.475 - 8.825

12

90

8.925 - 9.275

13

90

10.25 - 10.95

14

90

10.95 - 11.65

ETM+

1

30

0.45 - 0.515

185

2

30

0.525 - 0.605

3

30

0.63 - 0.690

4

30

0.75 - 0.90

5

30

1.55 - 1.75

6

60

10.40 - 12.5

7

30

2.09 - 2.35

8

15

0.52 - 0.90 (.)

(Salix lanata, S.phylicifolia), (Betula nana) , -- - .

Landsat (TM ETM) 1987, 1988 2000 ., . Tasseled Cap (TC) Erdas Imagine 8.5. (.2), :

= TC 1 2000 . TC 1 1987 .

= TC 2 2000 . TC 2 1987 .

= TC 3 2000 . TC 3 1987 .

.2.

1987 2000 .

1987, 1988, 2000 . , , . 1987 2000 , , (1987 .), () . (, , 1992).

(ArcVew 3.2, UTM, 40), . , , , (.3).

. 3. (1:100 000), 1987 . () 2000 . (). (1:1 000 000), , ,

.

, , . , :

- ;

- ;

- .

(, , 1984; , , 1987; 1992). 0.47 /2 (, , ), - . . - ǖ71 - . , . . . . . , , . 1 (, 1999). , . () , .

. . , , . . : , , 1012 (, 1992).

. , , . .. (1989) 925% , . .

-, , ( ). . , , , . , , , .

-, -. , 2540%. .

-, , (. 3).

( 4).

3. ( .., 1989)

()

2000

2001-3000

3001-4000

4000

1.38

1.14

0.53

0.43

0.83

1.07

0.91

-

0.79

0.89

0.67

1.16

0.66

0.67

0.88

0.50

0.64

-

0.44

0.56

4.

1987 .

1988 .

2000 .

( . , ):

5

5

14

():

57.7

56.7

137.6

: 1

4.6

4.5

25.1

2

11.4

10.1

7.5

3

20.2

20.1

11.6

4

11.4

13.7

7.6

5

10.2

8.4

10.6

:

-

-

75.2

(, ) (/ , ):

10/17.7

10/17.3

26/65.8

30

1/3.1

1/3.0

7/16.4

60

4/5.4

4/5.0

12/27.3

100

5/9.2

5/9.2

7/22.1

, ():

133.9

131.7

434.2

():

191.6

188.4

571.8

, 2000 : , , (, ) . , 1987, 1988 2000 ., . 19872000 . 2, 3, 4, , , . .

:

1. 1:25 000, 1:100 000 .

2. , , , , .

3. ( ) 2004.

1.                  .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .., .. . , 2000. . 1518.

2.                  . .: , 1985 . 204 .

3.                  : 30- . .3. .: , .., .., .. ., 1988.

4.                  . . ... 3 ., 1970. 640 .

5.                  .. // . 104., 1989. C.617.

6.                  .., .. // . , . . . 2. , 1984. . 1922.

7.                  .. . , 1999. .38.

8.                  1: www.gasu.ru, cnit.pgu.serpukhov.su, www.iworld.ru.

9.                  2 www.rosaviakosmos.ru.

10.              . . .: +, 2001. 304 .

11.              .., .. // . 1997. 4. . 256262.

12.              .., .. . : i, 1986. . 3334.

13.         .. ( ) // . , 1988. , 73. 11. C. I5771583.

14.              .. - // . . , 1992. . 299. 20 .

:

 

 

 

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