,,,
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
. . : , .
. , .
, , , , . , .
: , . , , , , .
: , .
- .
- .
:
;
;
;
;
.
- . 1962 .
, - , , . (), . [2]
- . , .
. . , , .
. . [1]
. ( - ). [2]
, - , :
(CPN) ;
( - ) ;
(), ;
.
.
-. - UML- (Unified Modeling Language). CASE- DoomXL, . Informix US :
;
, .
, - .
. 20 , ( ). . [4]
- . . , , . - , , , . , , , . .
. , , . , .
. , , . . , , . , , . , , . , , , . , .
, . , . , . [3]
- , , . 50- . .
- - PERT.
, .
- .
, , , , . - , , - . , , .
:
- - , , ;
;
;
, - ;
;
, , , , - . [7]
15-20%, .
- , . , , (), , , , .
- , , ; (, , , ), () . [5]
, .
"" , .
, - . :
- ---> - ---> - --->
--> - ---> - --->
--> - --->
--> , - --->
(, " " " "). (, " " " "). - , , .
, .
, , . , , , .. .
. , (x,y) , y , x. :
.1.
, 1 6 , , , , , . . , . , , . , , . - 2 7. , 2 7 .
, , , , - (, ), - :
1 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. ,
6.
, , , : while ( )
{ , .
,
.
}
. .
#include <iostream. h>
typedef struct Leader *Lref; // : .
typedef struct Trailer *Tref; // : .
// .
typedef struct Leader
{
int Key; // .
int Count; // .
Tref Trail;
Lref Next;
};
// .
typedef struct Trailer
{
Lref Id;
Tref Next;
};
class Spisok {
private:
Lref Head; // .
Lref Tail; //
// .
int z; // , .
public:
Spisok () { // .
Head = Tail = new (Leader); z = 0; };
Lref L (int);
void Poisk ();
void Vyvod ();
};
void Spisok:: Poisk ()
{
Lref p,q; // .
p = Head; Head = NULL;
while (p! =Tail)
{
q = p; p = p->Next;
if (q->Count==0)
{ q->Next = Head; Head = q; }
}
}
Lref Spisok:: L (int w)
// w.
{
Lref h = Head;
Tail->Key = w;
while (h->Key! =w) h = h->Next;
if (h==Tail)
// w.
{
Tail = new (Leader); z++;
h->Count = 0; h->Trail = NULL; h->Next = Tail;
}
return h;
}
void Spisok:: Vyvod ()
{
Lref p,q; // .
Lref S,U; // .
Tref t;
cout << endl;
cout << "... \n";
q = Head;
while (q! =NULL)
// .
{
S = q; cout << " (";
while (S! =NULL)
{ cout << S->Key << " "; z--; S = S->Next; }
cout << ")";
// - ------------------------------------------------ -
U = NULL; //
// .
while (q! =NULL)
{
t = q->Trail;
while (t! =NULL)
{
p = t->Id; p->Count--;
if (p->Count==0) // (*p) .
{ p->Next = U; U = p; }
t = t->Next;
}
q = q->Next;
}
q = U;
}
if (z! =0)
cout << "\n ! \n";
}
void main ()
{
Spisok A;
Lref p,q; // .
Tref t;
int x,y; // .
// .
cout << " ... \n";
cout << " ";
cin >> x;
cout << " ";
while (x! =0)
{
cin >> y;
p = A. L (x); q = A. L (y);
t = new (Trailer); t->Id = q; t->Next = p->Trail;
p->Trail = t; q->Count += 1;
cout << " ";
cin >> x;
cout << " ";
}
// .
A. Poisk ();
// .
A. Vyvod ();
} [11]
, , . , .
.2 , - (); - (), p P ti T; F: x - {0, 1, 2,... }; : x {0, 1, 2,... } - ; μ0: {0, 1, 2,... } - . p P , ti T - (). . . μ: {0, 1, 2,... }. . t μ, :
(1)
.2.
, t , . t, (1), μ μ' :
(2)
t F (p,t) H (t,p) . , μ' μ. - .
. - , . , . μ μ' t , t T μt μ'. μ' : τ = t1, t2,..., tk μ, , μt1μ't2 ... μ tk μ.
N = (, , F, , μ0), = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5},
T = {t1, t2, t3, t4, t5}, μ0 = (1, 1, 0, 0, 0).
F
P1 |
P2 |
P3 |
P4 |
P5 |
||
H = |
t1 |
0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
t2 |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
t3 |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
t4 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
t1 |
t2 |
t3 |
t4 |
|||
F = |
P1 |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
P2 |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
P3 |
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
P4 |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
P5 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
3.
[6]
. 3
1. .
Design/IDEF . , , CPN-. CPN Edit-Set Options-Methodology-Simulations. CPN.
"Check CPN Syntax" . , ( ), .
2. .
, , , , , , .
, : . pi, ( ) tj. fk, wk. : , , (p-t) , (t-p). , :
N = (P, T, F, W),
P = {p1, p2 pn} - (n - ),
T = {t1, t2 tm} - (m - ),
F = (Fp-t, Ft-p) - :
Fp-t = (pt), Ft-p = (tp) - , - .
W = {w1, w2 wk} - (k - ).
, .. . , i- pi, mi, : M = {m1, m2 mn}. , - , :
PN = (N, M0), 0 - .
3. .
, . "Next Reference"/"Previous Ref-erence" Select. .
4. .
- ( Create Label), "Place Name" CPN. .
5. .
. . , . , .
, , , .
, .
, . , , "Guard" CPN .
Standard ML, Design/CPN , .
, .
6. .
, .
, "Place Name" CPN , .
, , . "Arc Expression" CPN.
7. .
"Hide CPN De-tail" CPN. "Show CPN Detail". "Discard CPN Places". [9]
, , .
. 0 , ' 0. , () .
. 0. (, ).
. , . . .
, :
;
;
( / ).
, , . - , . [8]
- . . - - (evaluation - "", "") - " ". , -:
-: , -, ;
() ();
;
-;
.
:
dj= (S,t (dj),p (dj)).
S - , t (dj) - , , (dj) - . - , , , - , . : - - ( , - ). - .
- ("", " "). - (.4, ). . :
(1; 0) | - (0;1).
- () , t (d). F-nepexod (""). .4 . , -:
, F- () .
.4. - - - (), F- ( ), J- () J- (""). .4 . : (1,1; 0) | - (0,0;1)
, .
- (""). , ("") , , (.5, ). .5. -, - -.
.5. -, - - (), Y- ()
:
- (). , ( , if).
Y- ("", " "). (.5, ). Y-:
Y- () . : ; (, , ). case. [12]
, - . , (, , ) . , - , , -.
.
-; - "" . ().
, "" .
- "" , ( ).
- :
Q-;
G - ;
- .
, N : XN, YN, JN.
- . - (.6). : () ; , , , .
.6. -
:
d1 - ;
d2 - ;
d3 - .
-, , - S1MULINK, MATLAB. [10]
(Nested Petri Nets - NPN) - , . , , . , -, .
, .. , . , , , , , .
, , . , , S - . , . , - , , . , . . , . , , - .
. . .
.
, . (Nested Petri Nets - NPN).
.
, , , - .
SN - () Ni, i= 1,, n. , - , . .
, NPN, . . NPN .
- , ;
- , - Ni;
, - Ni, ;
, SN - Ni, .
, , , .. .
.
.
. .7. , var s: STUDENT, . , . , .7 . , . , , .
.7. SN - ,
, . , s, Ns, s - , .7.
, SN ( .7) Ns, (s=1,2,. .). Ns .8.
. .8 qi, i = 1,,10. q1,,q6 p11,,p16 .7, . t1,t11,,t17 . .8 : . :
( t1), SN Ns, s; , s STUDENT;
t11;
t13;
- t14;
- : t15 - , t16 - , t17 - .
Ns, , . , :
Color BALL = integer;
Color FAILURE = ln;
:
var β: BALL, var γ: FAILURE.
.8. s
β , . q9 100 , : - b1 , - b2 . t5, - b.
, , b0 . β b0, , γ true, q10 t5. .
, SN s. s, , .
, , .
, , . [13]
, , . , , . . , . , , . , " " .
( - ). , MATLAB.
1. <http://mathmod. narod.ru/> (, 2008);
2. <http://matlab. exponenta.ru/ml/book1/matlab/index_book. php> (, 2008);
3. <http://www.rgc. su/material/998/0/index. shtml > (, 2008);
4. <http://www.vismat.ru/osnovy-tehnologii-imitacionnogo-modelirovaniya/primenenie-setevyh-modeley-dlya-opisaniya-paralle> (, 2008);
5. <http://revolution. /mathematics/00003923_0.html> (, 2008);
6. <http://orion.netlab. cctpu.edu.ru/TPU/soft/10. htm> (, 2008);
7. <http://www.miracle.ru/pub/512/512. htm> (, 2008);
8. <http://orion.netlab. cctpu.edu.ru/TPU/soft/10. htm> (, 2008);
9. <http://www.netspetri. h17.ru/theor.html> (, 2008);
10. 10) <http://ru. wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8> (, 2008);
11. 11) <http://www.gpss.ru/paper/ryzhikov1/9.html> (, 2008);
12. <http://www.mipt.ru/nauka/f_228ed/a_3l9ed.html> (, 2008);
13. <http://lib. krasu.ru/resources. php3? menu1=socvest&menu2=2006-4> (, 2008).
: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Copyright (c) 2024 Stud-Baza.ru , , , .